                         ˿µϣ20060214գ

06.02.14, ʤȡŸ븯šɡӣ˭㲻й뵽ġ
06.02.14, ϻƨɴúá
06.02.14, 󹫱Źٷѧ
06.02.14, ɽݾSCIƷ
06.02.14, BerkeleyWolf泤ͨѧߴһĳϮ
06.02.14, LiyanfengƽҽԺԴľߡ
06.02.14, ҪдñӢԭĻѶҲһֱ¡
06.02.14, Ļܱα顱طع
06.02.14, κӢܡ󡰲԰ѧ񴫳С
06.02.14, MayflyС㡷
06.02.14, hookleeڱһҺԵҪء
06.02.14, 䡶һҡPѧ
06.02.14, yw-yvesƴд
06.02.14, ӱУ˵й롷
06.02.14, wanderorάռĳ¶ɫĻظ

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com)

Ÿ븯šɡӣ˭㲻й뵽

ʤ

2005109𣬡ӣ˭㲻йĴ⼸
е硣˵⻰⻰ָ˭ģԼ˼
ûƫ˻Щ⡣

ϲº󣬷仰ԭʱĶֲߣ
ĶϷܿϷбϷĩ¼
ȥˣⳡĲ߻Ϳȳ־ԭʱ
ϷܿϷбϷĩýѾõıּ
ڮٺңͻתעߣ
ΪߺͶ࿪ΪԼ̺ô

ʱΪʲôҪذѺΪڮٵİӣڡ׷ʺӡ
˽ӦڡʱΪʲô
ַ֧ӡлϷĩ̻ӵַȱý
֪Ϸܿ200525P23ʵֻ˵Ϸ
ĩҲṫڶȺıֽ֮һһ䵽
ȦסȥһλֱԵѧߣҲͲܲΪϷĩ
̾ϧˣ2005-11-26ʱ⻰Ϸĩ
гڴ̾Ϣûʲô⡣˶ͬĿ
ֻ˵˵ڴ׷ʺӡĳ˵Ϸĩ
ϷܿϷбĳЩǿп
Ի·ԽԽԶ

ѧŸ

һеĿƺֻǹԱǵרϻʶѧ
Ÿܡ

ʲôиܣֱġսܡܽΪҪأһǡ
˽أˡס˽ϵĽǮλƫĳɫ
ְΪһֽǹְԱƫ뵱ǰʵ
лΪеƶȡƫˡϵƶȡΪΪһ
ƶȱ۵Ϊ йͶ
Ϊִָ֯͹һؼ乤Աίд¹
֯ԱΪ˽Ĳȡ˽ֲʵʩΥɺͷɣ
ַ沢ɶӰɻΪ»2003-06-24

۵ʵѧܡܲڣ硷2003624գ
Ļ2005.7.10תأΪѧܡѧȨ˵ĸ
ܣ˵ϸһ㣬ѧȨԼеĹȨıȡԼ˽ĸ
ܡḯһѧܡ֣Сѧܡ
ѧܡҵĹ۵ǣйѧ磬ʹ޵ġѧ
ܡд·ġΪΪ߲
Ӧ졣 

йļߡ༭ܱҲһṫȨˣֻҪû
ȨıȡһСŵ˽Ǿڸ㸯ܡŸֳṫ
ܱȹԱǵĸΣԣĴʡίѡгšٱ
֮Ͳ沢Ž确Ĵ󹫺ձ200410
16 İ棩

Ÿй᲻ʵ

˭㲻й͵ĸ

ָЩỰ﹫Ȩű༭ԱеĹȨ
ΪһС˽ŵĻ׼ͳṫ
ΪƷ䱾ɿͿ丽
˵ְְҵԾΪĵΪƷ

׷ʺӡڡѡĶԻѾͬİ汾
汾ԼеʡԺţԱ¶ٵʶ侫Ĳ߻
ڮٺӵࡣᡷϵδɾ汾СӰʦԹƨ
10Ӱʦ¦ΰͺӷͻļ¼¦ΰ
̸̸֮ãйȴֺεȵػ⵼ºӼ¦ΰ
㲻й㲻йˣ˭㲻йˣӣ
¶αšˡ--̸й  ˿XYS20060201¦
ΰĻʱժȡһ䲢޽ӵͷϣʱϷϵһЩջ
Ȩ˲ʵ࣬Ҫĺ䱯Ҳ

ɷøͱɷĲܷͬ壬֪Ĺأ
ʱأ˲ìܵĻԣ磬֤βɷһ
ѭŵ׼ûῴҪǰ㿴ˣ
ֽдšʱԱȵȣɷøӦдǷ񾭱
ģ֪Ļ׼ʱġԻӡûκע˭
Ϊʱ𣿲ɷǼ뱻ɷ˵ʴӰʦǲ廰ģ
רõӽ֡Ҳǹϵ׼ʱƫƫ


Եߵʱ˳ߵϵ֯ѹ֯
֮ǰ2005411գӣ½λԺʿ͹ŭˮ
վ棬ĸ֮2005825գȻ֮ѡŹŭ
ˮ绷桱ʱı±ڡȻ֮ѡŭĿ
߹Ӧù֪鲢顰֮ʱΡ½Ժʿŵͱ棨׷ʺӡ
P24P28ʱѾϵ˵ߵڰ׵ġΡ

׷ʡϷĩΪʲôҪƻĸţ

ȥҺϲϷĩԽ鵥λһݣÿڱض
ԽԽζֵһԽԽѼСϷĩѾĳ
ĸоɡϷĩƷġϷܿġ׷ʺӡ֮
󣬶ԡϷĩɴĺøѾȻ޴棡

ϷܿΪ˱ڮٺֱ伫ĳ̶ȡ
ʱµĿһߵұʡкͱļƣ
˾ıġѲӸ½ѵ˵ĿǡӦ֪
ԵɺˮƽԺʿʸܳƺԼרҵ
ɼοڷαѧڶԣܳƺ̫
ԡȫ֪ȫܡҵֹʹùԴʣ
һָعٷȨٺ͹ٷ硱P31
עαʿԩƬҲЦĹ
ʲôſ񡱡񡱵ҪѡġϷĩ
Ϸбһӵϼ뵽ڮжϷĩϵԴ
ƺַʶ֮С

ϷĩϵʲôޣǱʾַ֧ӣ
ϷĩԻʾ̾ϢϷĩϵԶԺз
Ӧ֮Ӧ١ҥҲûбҪá﹦
ЩԴǺַпָ﹦رģ
˭ֻҪ˵֣һϣʦû뵽
ϷĩҲ˺ҲһϣȺ֮

ϷĩΪʲô·ӣ

ϷĩϵĳЩЮ˽ءҲԡһ
ҹƽƽ̨¶һЩѧ󣬽¶ٵȻĳЩˣ
ҲϷĩϵĳЩˡЮ˽Ƹԭеһ֡

Ю˽֤֮һ

2005108գ˿վϽ£ڽɣڶ
죬ǳڽɵġ¡˿Ĺšͳ޵һƪֵۣ֮ǳ
ƪڽɡ޵£ڽڵλԺũ巢չо
վ9·һϢڽΪоԱνͣ1014
ڽ̼дַӵšַ͡ӵš
ҲϹ1017ڽɸӷǸţίһλ
ѡдġӾЩŵ硢ļϢָڽɵġ
д޷ŷڽַΪ˲ʵ衰
ѡ֮ˡȥ׷ϢˡϷĩץס
1110ƪһƪԷǳԵıڽVSӣ
ܾ˵Ķս˵ԷǳԳ֮⣬ٻ㣬
һڽϷĩΪ¾༭ǵ
˵Ĵһɷ÷ӵĸע(Ѿ
ģɾ)Ⱪ¶ӣɾ˻ҪӸ𣻲
ڽɵĸע(δڽģɾ)Ᵽ
ɣʾɼ߳е䷢ѧ١ƪۣ
ǷˣЦֱ׵˵ҪԼ˽˴١Ц
˵ӵԣ֮ѧ
Զȸ֮ѧҪΣյöࡣɣǷ˹ȡڷԼѡ
񣡡2005127  ӣ"ѧ"ڽ¼
ĩϵЩɡ˵Ǻ¡ѧ١·ӡ

ӣһûйȨͨϰգڴòܹͬƽ
ۺ۵Ĺƽ̨ܵձ黶ӭ𾴺֧֣
֮е飻ܵϷĩϵΧҲ֮е顣ۣȺ
֣Ÿѧܡѧ١١Ϊƿڴ
վһҲ֮е顣˵ʮڸ¼һʼʱ
ֻṩһ۵ƽ̨ڽɵҿǣΪڽɱ绤
ҲյǣҪȹһý嶼ö࣬ڽȴǨŭңĳ
Щýң޵߲ΪάСȦӡ
ǡ˻壬ܣû֤ҾһϷ
˴󡣡

ѧ½¶ɣļٲˣؼɻɣò
ƿڴ׼¶αѧƫ̻ƿڴⷢ߱Ȼ
̥

Ю˽֤֮

Ժʿʾַ֧ӣ伫ڮٺ
Ю˽֤

˵һΪԸ˵ѧ٣ԣ
ľޣõԴޣҲȨԣȨ߽
дڵǰڲûиΪѧٵ⣬ֻ
ʱ˵һۼලáԺ˸Ϊ
Ҳ벻˵Ĳ롣ѧµĹѧǹ
ɷΧеѧɺɡˣԸ˴ѧ٣
ڷѧɺɣڵǰʵҲȫѧ١
2005127  ӣ"ѧ"ڽ¼

20062520ڡѶ  ؼ䡷ġʿ
պҲ˺ӵõӼ11ӣ11
Ƕģнкɱ˺Ҳޡģ
áйģδעἰġִп̹ǳʽĳ
ֻĻǳ͵¶䣬ֱҪͻʱʧȥ
ķ񡣿зġøҪʮۻ
֪ϷĩϵЩθ룿ҪﵽЧǸ
ԸЩ˵ĴˣǷϣ͹ѾΪʵ

룬ĳЩ˺µʧȥǵĳ̶ȣɼڷ
αѧͷܷǲģ֡,ֻں
ӱˡֵô˼

ʮǰλŵߣкԶڵһ
ʻϣԺӷαѧֺ֧Ϳ϶˵ҶԴ
½αѧһֱ߶ȹע˵д˺ܺõ£ĸҿ
ζԺʾףأ˵ǿƼ練αѧһʤ֪
Ƚѡĺ˵һǳ
£оҪöࡣоǾֲ⣬Ϊѧ
漰ѧķչϵʵ⡱ձ
1995-8-21ʮȥˣ֪ѧҸݽ겵ڶ
ЩѧӲӣĹҲ˲ģ

Ϸĩϵ༭ߣúĻȨ

ʱԺʿ͹﷢ԡ̫
ԡͻλϷϵʮİˣ
ܷ˵ȨԺʿ༭ߣӲʱԺʿ
༭ߣûй˵ƽ̨軰ȥ֮ڡ
Ự﹫ȨݲòͬãʵŸܵԴͷ֮
һ

úûȨԣĵֵָ

һϷĩϵһֵע򣬾Զڼ
ʱָعٷȨٺ͹ٷ硱Բ
رԼվĶ԰ۼල컯Ϊ
ṫȥ

ϷĩϵѾ̳صͰͬߡ
񡱡񡱣˹Լȴܾ
˭ල༭ߵĻȨþǾܾලܾලϷ
ĩϵŸܵҪ֮һ

ϷĩϵǷѧϰҲΪͬṩƽ
ƽ̨磬ǸҲϷϵıȫĿǺӡ
ӳʵ£ҲҿʱЦ۳ɽ˵£

ġϷĩϵܲʱԼĹڳʵ
Ͷ߹Ǹ

(XYS20060214)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com)

ϻƨɴú




˵ϻ˭µģԹо׻ϻƨá

ϻƨϻƨɣҲϻƨɡϻƨɣû
˸ϻƨЩϻһ׶ƨɡ
Щһ㶼λȨأڷǳҪĲŻҪĻ

йʲôſԳƵǷǳҪأһ˵Щί
ΣִǹһߵĲžر磬Ǹ縺һ
ߵĻͺǸЩ˿϶ϻǣ
һЩٻĻӹ١

ΪǲϻǺٻһ㶼ǲʵʵ飬
磬ǿ϶ɲñĹȫ֪顣ǣ
ƫƫҪһ׵ӣЩںͻǾһ𣬲
ظɻ󽭴Ⱦˣǲǣŷųˣʡ˵Ҫ
㻷˵Ҫ㡰ɫGDP컹ҪйҪ繤
ȡȫһЩű߼ʵ顣

Щӹ١ںͻ2005˷ͷɾ˻£
ȫΧڹΡ豩ڱԲ԰㡰Ⱥ¼ʱ
ͻЩûκʵȥΣȫ֪
Ϊǵʧְʯһָɻ˾޴Ļѡ
΢һʱ䣬ظɻĻ¹ȫԱģϧ
ûУ

ϻƨáʱһʾ䣬ǶЩ
ޱȵĲмͷŭȥףʯĻԺ
Щٻġϻǡʵһϻƨɡˣص
ˣϻͷϵɴñˡΪˣȫ޲ƿ죬˵ϻ
ƨɴúã

ȥ飬ϾȥˡȥЩġϻƨɡǵ
ûбЩϻƨɡƤԽԽ񣬡ϻƢԽԽ
ˣ޻ڸ֮⡣

ЩϻƨɡˣٻϷҪˡϧ
ûʲô·ӣһ·Ҫ㡰豩ˣȥϷ·
Ҫ֪߳ܵزȥʧҪԤֵˮˮ罨ˣ
ˮӶԹ콭ˮŹؼãȴ˵Щˮˡ

취಻Ҫ·²ҪɰɣȫѪǮʱ
˷뻷ںͻһ໥棬ΪЩ
ν֯ʵΪ֯ݻȥ׵Ĵ
֪ʲôʱ򣬶ЩϻƨɡȻô򣬲Щ
ϻƨɡĻӹٲɻ

ȫڴţ

(XYS20060214)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com)

Źٷѧ

ŷ
2006-2-9󹫱

ŷǰʾϿƼزźй
ѧʵ͵ý屨Ĵѧѧٷ粨ѧԺ
Ʒ¼ʾڲʵĻϣࡢؽ
鴦

޿ɷϣƼ˹·չһѧʧѧ
ĭͣƵٳ˺ƹڵεߵʱɴˣ˿
վΪأںѧ֪µġ˽ѧ١ڷδ
۴ӴٵϢԴٵĹ㷺̶ȣǴ漰
ⳡսѾ˷ӵȡӢۡķΧ޴
ЧҲѾΪԽԽܡ

١ʱ

Ȼ˽ѧǹɡලȨ֣Ҳܵҹ
֤ĻȨǣ淶ͻȱʧµԷ٣ȱ
ݣȴɱսȨ˴ٹԮЧԱϵġִ
١ӡѧ٣ľģʱ
սᡣ

ȣ˾ڱ˽˴ʧȨΪһսѧȻ
٣϶Ҫ򣬵ڿڡҹַ˵ĺϷȨȱЧ淶
͹ԼѧĶԲżʡûйأ
ܳɷԲӡ粻Ӱѧо̽򣬳ȥ
ҲԼйѧرǿѧԭҵչĽŲѧ
٣ṩ˹ƽĲƽ̨ԶҲٳŵѸٽ¶Ͳ鴦
Ƽչ

Σ˾ѧСҹݡٲ
Ȼǵѧ֮ѧϮ֮
ǿֱµԼѧʣһЩ¶һЩԺ
Уܲµ赭дĴ֡Ĵ
̳ҵѧ֮硣ѧ٣ζΪڴ
͸ĹٷŵӴЧ϶

Ϊǿ

ٴΣ˾ڰѧٵĹԮ档ڹ⣬ѧһ
һ֯ѧίԱȡȻԷĸѧٿ
һЧЧǷǳ޵ģǷѷ֡ǰʱ
ͷѧ봫ѧԺںٳϮְ¼УѧԺڲ
ѧʾʦΪԸʦߺãһ
Ҳڱ׫ģͺĳڵ𡱡ѧٴڵʵ
ΪΪйٷԡ鴦ڳǷѷ֮磬Ϊѧ
ӸΪǿ

ѧѧȱʧ֮١ȻĽ벢ζѧ
ٵսᣬҪ͸淶ľ򣬲ΣѾ
ˡʱսᣬǡѧٽΪش۵⡣

(XYS20060214)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com)

ɽݾSCIƷ

ѧ֣ൽѧɽ,ʦ⸻,ⰲ,,
, ٵ㽭ѧ(Zhu DG),˾(Xu DJ), ·Ϊλѧ
廯ѧ鲼ϱ,һѧ,ֻǽҷıɽһ,
ڱɽµĻж?

ô˲ԼͬȫѡACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA,ѧ֣ƽ
ܷһƪ, 㽭ѧ˾(Xu DJ)ƽһܷһƪ, ѧɽƽ
췢һƪ.ôACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICAʲô?ΪʲôҪ?

²,ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA.

ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICAǹһ־ݿ,׷
ͬ, A,B,C,D,E,EӰ,ṹҲ򵥵,C.
ԭ˵,ֻҪĽṹδ˱, ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICAͻ
¼.,Ҫһ,ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA࿯ʲô
ѣͬʱACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICASCI¼

׼,ֲշ,SCI,ϳɸѾҲ޹ɿѭ,,
Ȼ֮,ִ˲.

ŪЩͿɿж,ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICAƾ:

1,CA򵥾ݿЩֳɹҵƷܵʽṹδ,
ϳ.ҪѡЩ.

2,Ȼķ,ЩԹҪ,Щܲ
,SCIҪ..( ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA Ϊݿ͡ݿ
¼һնֻҪ⼸ݿַѿժҪ).

3. ϳɳĵƫ΢,1mm*1mmı.ĵҪ
кʳߴ,ܹ,ܹС,С޷,ͬʱ,ĵҪ
⻬,ڲṹҪ,,ȱ.ͬ޷X-
ȱ޷ڲṹ壬ʵϺܶྦྷȷǽⲻģѧ
ѧϣҽҩˣŶ
ǸϸµĻ,Ҫд廨ĺϸ.

4.IR׳֤ṹ.

5.X-ϲ.(λX-޷, Щλ⿪չ
ҵ, շNRMB).

6. SHELXL, WinGX,ȳⵥ.(Լ޷,Щλ⿪
չҵ,շNRMB).

д££

ֻʵڲ, ôƽ:֣ܷܶһƪ, ˾һ
һƪ, ɽ췢һƪ?

,ĳ˵ҪһIdeaIdeaʵ
֧һҪɹⵥⵥд£һϵв裮
д£ҪעNοף֪ںܶоɸƽҵ
Ѳףͨף˼·д»Ҫһʱ䣮

Ҳ֪˻ô,˵,ҹõACTA 
CRYSTALLOGRAPHICAʱԶ֣, ˾(XU DJ), ɽ
ݣҶǵʵػ.

ĺϳһ, ϳȷJacs,Ҳ
Angew,NatureScience.ʲôĵ?ĳNature
ScienceһHIVøΪ,øһó,д˾
ҩ,Ԫ,ͬʱжٰ̲˻Щʹ
.ľú˫Ч?

ʵ,ڴõķԻ,ж,һϾѧλѧ
صʵ,λѧȨ,һǸʽṹо,ڵ
ϳɽȨ. ϾѧǺ̬ȱ߲֪,ҵǱڽṹ԰
̳ѿ,ǶԴҲ۵ĺ,ԭ,ṹΪACTA 
CRYSTALLOGRAPHICAȷе˵ʵ¼, Section E, ṹӲ
Ŀ.

λҲвλѧ;ϳɽ飬һ˽й
ѧ⣬˵ĺмЩطǺǳԣˮƽܿ

˰ķңң,ѵ÷ŭ,쳤Хңң,
Ϊѧ˾޴Ŭ.

󣬱ںܶطɻ

йԼѧලǲ¶˿ʲôѧ
ٸܵĴĦ˹֮

ĳϮǧָкܶѧ˶ĳԭй
˶ǲǻҪйɫģһйΪ
Ϊ񣬾޷֮ӣ

֣, ˾, ɽʵ̫̣ϳ̫̣ACTA 
CRYSTALLOGRAPHICAݿ⣮ԽӰӸߵ·󣬶崦˻
д·һ˷߿Բش𣬶˷ҲԲ
ʮʮˣ߿Ҫһ˵ºܿ
עֵĺңôʱˣųô
Ӧ

һ14ƪSCIÿһƪӰΪ0.50.5ǲǾĳ
ѧ涨ӰڣͿòʿѧλ

һ40ƪSCIÿһƪӰΪ0.50.540=ǲǾĳѧ
涨ӰڣͿڣ

һѧڿҵΪ0.5һƪSCIҲΪ0.5һſε
һƪ0.5µĹ

ʹһ귢һƪܶһŷһƪƷ˭ȥ
HIVø֮Ķ֪﷽ĵرã˴ҷ·
չתڲ֮ߣͬʱھAIDS
ô죿޲ߵAIDSʵһǵ


ѧϣҽҩѧƣֻǵ˵
෢չصֵȥ̽

ôַĺĿĴĵˮƽĺظ
ǲǻҪȥ

(XYS20060214)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com) 

泤ͨѧߴһĳϮ

ߣBerkeleyWolf

ģ泤ȣߴͨѧ 2004.4.
ӢģIan Akyildiz etc. A survey on Sensor Networks, IEEE 
Communication Magazine. Aug. 2002.


5.3.1.3

SPIN ͨЭ̺ԴԿ˷ɢFloodingȱ㡣
(SPIN) [15] is designed to address the deficiencies of classic 
flooding by negotiation and resource adaptation.

SPIN ͨݵϢǷеݣͼ
ʡ
Sensor nodes operate more efficiently and conserve energy by sending 
data that describe the sensor data instead of sending all the data; 
for example, image


SPIN ϢADVREQ DATAڷһϢ֮ǰڵ㲥һ

ADV ϢϢаԼݵ
SPIN has three types of messages, that is, ADV, REQ, and DATA. Before 
sending a
DATA message, the sensor node broadcasts an ADV message containing a 
descriptor (i.e.,
meta-data) of the DATA


ĳھӶϢȤͷREQϢDATAݾ
ڵ㷢͡
If a neighbor is interested in the data, it sends a REQ message for 
the DATA and DATA
is sent to this neighbor sensor node

һֱظȥֱжϢȤĽڵ㶼
Ϣһ

The neighbor sensor node then repeats this process, as illustrated in 
steps 4, 5, and 6 of Fig. 4c. As a result, the sensor nodes in the 
entire sensor network that are interested in the data will get a
copy.


5.3.2.1

LEACH ȺΪ·Э飬
Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) is a clustering-based 
protocol

ѡȺͷڵȺедڵռݣЩݽг
ĴȻط͡
The purpose of LEACH is to randomly select sensor nodes as clusterheads, 
so the high
energy dissipation in communicating with the base station is spread to 
all sensor nodes in the sensor network.

LEACH ԡ֣roundΪʱ䵥λÿһַΪ׶Σ ׶κ
ȶ׶Ρ

The operation of LEACH is separated into two phases, the setup phase 
and the steady phase.

׶ΣҪǴͿϢڵȺʵʵĴݡ
ΪߵԴЧʣȶ׶Ӧñ׶Ÿĳʱ䡣
The duration of the steady phase is longer than the duration of the 
setup phase in order to minimize overhead.

ÿһֵ׶Σڵ0 1 ֮ѡһǷΪ
Ⱥͷ
During the setup phase, a sensor node chooses a random number between 
0 and 1.

ѡСTnýڵһȺͷTnļ£
If this random number is less than the threshold T(n), the sensor node 
is a clusterhead.

УP Ⱥͷڵռܽڵİٷֱȣ
where P is the desired percentage to become a clusterhead,

ڲͬ磬P ȡֵҲͬrǵǰ֣G ǰ1/P Уû
ѡΪȺͷĽڵ㼯
r is the current round, and G is the set of nodes that have not being 
selected as a clusterhead in the last 1/P rounds.

ļ㹫ʽԱ֤ÿڵ㶼1/P еĳһгΪ
Ⱥͷ

ȺͷڵеĽڵµȺͷڵ㣬
After the clusterheads are selected, the clusterheads advertise to all 
sensor nodes in the network that they are the new clusterheads.

δѡΪȺͷĴڵյĹ㲥ϢԤ趨Ĳ
ȡźǿȵԼĸȺ
Once the sensor nodes receive the advertisement, they determine the 
cluster to which
they want to belong based on the signal strength of the advertisement 
from the clusterheads to the sensor nodes.

ڵѡĳȺȺͷڵ㷢ϢȺͷڵȺ
ڵϢһʱֶַTDMAΪÿڵһͨʱ϶
ֻԼʱ϶ڣڵſȺͷڵ㷢ݡ
The sensor nodes inform the appropriate clusterheads that they will be 
a member of
the cluster. Afterward, the clusterheads assign the time on which the 
sensor nodes can send data to the clusterheads based on a TDMA approach.

ȶ׶ΣڵԹ̶ٶȲɼݣȺͷڵ㷢ͣȺͷ
ط֮ǰҪЩϢһ̶ȵںϡ

During the steady phase, the sensor nodes can begin sensing and 
transmitting data to the
clusterheads. The clusterheads also aggregate data from the nodes in 
their cluster before sending these data to the base station.

ȶ׶ξһʱ ½׶ΣһֵȺͷѡ
After a certain period of time spent on the steady phase, the network 
goes into the setup phase again and enters another round of selecting 
clusterheads.

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㡣

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Ĳ졢ָҪһֻɱһʲôĻͷ

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һλԭķͶ鱾
α顱طع

Ļܱ2006.2.9
ο 

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ˡ

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ط

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š

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λΪóӶȨζȣؼˡߡ
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ط

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󡰲԰ѧ񴫳

κӢ
20060213й걨

    ǰбѧйģӴĲǨΧ漰԰԰
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ǰʷʵϣ԰԰Ƚ෬ǨѲǾģأ
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˵ԭ֭ԭζΪ԰ֵĻȻڣν
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㶫ˣǴӹݻƹȥġһֵ֪
ˡ渽ִӢֵĽͣ

Cantona name formerly used for Guangzhou, a large city in 
southern China
Cantonesea Chinese language spoken in Southern China and Hong 
Kong

ڹ㽻ķCantonGuangzhouӦΪ
ҪǺ⻪ˣȺʽ뷨Canton۵ľŹ·Ĺ
뷨Kowloon-Canton RailwayдΪKCRң벢еĺ
⻪˶ôϤƴʵϺܶຣ⻪˸˵ͨ

˵֧PKUıܵĶȻ֪PekingǱ
ľ룬PekingeseҲдPekineseȴи˺ܲĽͣa 
very small dog with a short flat nose and long silky hair
ִǵԸôʵΨһͣȻڽɽʰҲ
()ġ˼ƾ㣬뱱УҲմԼ
ӢУĳBeijing University

(XYS20060214)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com)

һҡPѧ



йرǡP󡱻ǡB֮ϳúң
˾˵Ǳ廪δʹùйزŰ䲼ĺƴ淶Ĺ涨
ൺơҲܺͱդһЩϵ뷨ͬ
ȻǿǰӰûˣϱѺȥˣҪ
ϵ顰¸ءĽع˿һɡ

Ĳ淶˻δһӢPִ
ͷĴѧйЭҽƴѧӢǡPeking Union Medical 
CollegePUMCͱͬǣԱ黹ǡP
B󣬶ҡPѧӢĶпԷ죬й
PekingǴѧcollege˶Ϳˣй
ˣΨְԼ̧ߵûԸǫ֮ټ

ΪʲôӢϵĲأôЭ͵ʷ˵ԭ
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գʱ򿪷ʯͶ˷ΪͶʼԽ֣
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ΪйЭҽƴѧӢȴʼPeking Union Medical College
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ҲΪЭɲҪйҪPekingԭܺͱһﻹ
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    Щв˾˹ڱ廪УӢдۣ֮
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ƴдȷ涨ģʵϣʹûʷĲ֪˵
ĿǰҲûжչ涨

    磬Ϊĵ˫Ŵ󹷣涨Ӧд Zhang 
Dagouей־ϣ༭ὫдZhang Da-Gou, Zhang 
Da-gouеĻдDagou Zhang, Da-gou Zhang, Da-Gou Zhang,Ҳд D. 
G. Zhang, D. ZhangģҲZhang D., Zhang D. G.ġ

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ͳһ޹ϵϣձĴͱĺЩͳһؽ
շں档ĵĵдӢģ׸ĸĸ
㣬дӢİ涨ΪLi LingҲдLing Liǲ֪
֣ڣ߶Ǻܿܵġ

    Ҿã۱廪罫Լص
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˿ϹڱУ뵽йı׼⡣Ȼ
ڹⶼһЩ£˲޹/ʱ׼Ǹش
ڴ֮ҡ

ԷΪдУ

Fang Zhouzi
Fang Zhou-Zi
Fang Zhou-zi
Fang Zhou Zi
Zhou-Zi Fang
Zhou-zi Fang
Zhouzi Fang
Zhou Zi Fang
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Z. Fang
Z.-Z. Fang
Z. Z. Fang

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ڹڷʱӢժҪе֣һʱ־﷽ʽ
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Zhouzi Fang/Fang Zhouzi
Zhou-Zi Fang/Fang Zhou-Zi
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ڹⷢʱ˶Zhou-Zi Fangʽ̨֪
ѧ߶ַʽûе֪ԴҲʱдɱʽ
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׺Ӧйַı׼ָ̣

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άռĳ¶ɫĻظ

wanderor

ʵļ㣬ûд٣⡣ٺĹʽ£
0.266[/Сʱ]60000[Сʱ/]/1000000[Сʱ/Сʱ]=1.6%
¶ɫһּȷ

ͳһһ˹ʵļ㡣һ󹤹һĸ
0.08%Ϻٶһһƽ20꣬һλ
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30㣬Ϊ1 - (1 - 0.08%) ^ 30 = 2.4%

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׼ǣ1.6% = 0.08% * 202.4% = 0.08% * 30λЧ
ľ£ӡǴԹ

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ļ㣬wanderor㷨ҲǴġ/뾫ȷ
ѽгһġʽڶⲻ
żȻģʽһȻ׳ȻߴҡͲˣӦ
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˳ڴ˶ҵԭġҲһĵط塣ҵԭ
˵ƺֽ¼㣺70(1-2.7%)=68.1
Ǵġ˵Ĵʹ2.7%ԣ㷨ȫ
ȷġҸʽѿ󹤵ƽһǸȷĹơ
һ׽СֻõλЧ֣ԺԣҲʡ
ѿ󹤵ƽ3545衣

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