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ӡѧǹҵĹ̽ѧ

PAUL MOONEY and SHAILAJA NEELAKANTAN
ߵȽ±200698

ȥ꡶Ƹ־һ˴ʹȥĿѧ
͹ʦһأ׳йվɳ̲ϣɳڲݵƤǵɽ
ķ壬ǣһ97𣿡

йӡԽԽĿѧҺ͹ʦ˿־壬
Щһ߿Ƽ˲ŷȡЩҵһЩѧѧ
͹ʦ̸ǻһͬľЩѧҰѧΪ
˹˹Ľ˶ԱֱΪȫԾþбҪ
Լıҵ

ҪֻӡȱҵΪЩӶѧԺҵģʦ
ÿ˹ӡѧԺǰԺP.V.Indiresan˵׼ܵͣ
ԱܴΣѵ⡣ѳ̰õ

ܷѧѵڱķ񣨷ӣ
ĸߵȽ⣬˵Ŀǰ޼йڽڽص
սйƶȵ긴һѸӵ

ѧʵ̫ˣԱͽѧ豸ЩԴظ˵
һͬʱָ40оβζʵûκָ


Ƹ˵һ蹵2004й64̱Ʊ
ҵӡΪ357ԱԼѧԺһݺ
ӰıҲظ֡

Ǹϸؿһ֣ᷢչʾͼô
вݶſ˴ѧʦ12·ݷı桶̹Ŀܣ
йӡȵͬһˮƽйӡȵְ3ר
ҵй˵ܻһЩ

ſ˴ѧоԱֻо̡ѧϢѧʿѧλ
ߵʱЩпܴ»оͲƷ
ӡȡ˿ƽҪй߳50ϣӡȵ4

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ѸѧλȱӢЩҪΪѼ
ƵĿ˾о÷ľĹڹ˾
ġ

ϺѧУͿƶϸ¹̽ʦһ˵ԽԽ
йʼԽᡰѿ⡱ǱԹ˵оȱ
רҵ֪ʶʹŶӹ

ʹѯ˾ȥһݱ桶й˲Σüޡǿ
Щ⡣ñΪйڳΪϢҵҵľ˵Ŀ
Բ֤˵ƽֻ10йְʺڸñо9
͵Ŀ˾̡ơںѧ

ԱЩȱ㲿ֵع͡ȥйѧ
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˵๤̺ͼѧѧԹ˵ڴѧѧʵ
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ġ

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˲ʧȻһص⡣˵

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Premchand Palety˵

˾һݱ淢ֻ25ӡȹʦܹɹؾ
ļϢ˾ҵ˲ŵ󼸺㣬
ӡȻн̱ҵʧҵ

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C.N.R. Rao˵

ӡȣеĸĸǵĺӳΪʦ˵ǻ
ȥκһѧԺʹûкʵĻʩͽԱ

ѧԺѾصĽԱȱӡѧԺҲʼ
⡣

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ڻݣӡѧԺ1975ҵӡѧԺУѻϯ
Pradeep Gupta˵Palety˵ԽԽϲ˽ӪĹΪ
ǾְҵзչǰҲ׻н

Gupta˵ΪԭӡѧԺУѻӡѧԺ
кΪѧְ˽Ļᣬýѧø

ҵҲԸ⻨ǮȡʩƵ©ӡϢ
˾֮һInfosys Technologies LimitedѾ248ѧԺٰһ
Campus ConnetĽѧĿԱÿγ̺ͽѧõҵҪ

ù˾Ҳ֤17ǧ6ԪλMysoreȫ
ĵInfosysĹͬߺϯִйNandan M. Nilekani֮
Ϊһҵѧ

ƽе©Nilekani˵γ̹ʱˣ
ѧûнӴµļ

ӡȺйѧ߶ͬǵĴѧкܳ·Ҫߡ

ӡǷܹΪڼؾߣǷ񡮽ᡯ
Ϊش𡣡˹ӡѧԺǰԺIndiresan˵
ٶȣᡣЩǧҵߵ
ѧԺıҵͬһΣֻǸʱܱһصľߡ

룩

Foreign Academics Question the Quality of Their Countries' Engineering 
Programs

By PAUL MOONEY and SHAILAJA NEELAKANTAN

Beijing and New Delhi

http://chronicle.com
Section: Government & Politics
Volume 53, Issue 3, Page A20 =

A cartoon in Fortune magazine last year summed up one of the factors 
driving the push for the U.S. government to help educate more 
scientists and engineers: a muscular China is standing on a beach, 
pushing a skinny Uncle Sam around in the sand. "Is the U.S. a 97- 
Pound Weakling?" the headline read.

The growing number of scientists and engineers being educated in China 
and India has raised fears in the United States that those countries 
may take the lead in the production of high-technology jobs. But talk 
to some university scientists and engineers in those countries and a 
different picture emerges. Those scientists view American universities 
as the Charles Atlas and offer blunt talk about the need to strengthen 
the quality of their own graduates for global economic competition.

"Don't go by quantity" of Indian graduates, "because the quality of 
engineers decreases rapidly when you go beyond the top-tier 
institutes," says P.V. Indiresan, former director of the Indian 
Institute of Technology in Madras. "The standards are low, the faculty 
is bad, and the training is terrible. We have spread ourselves too 
thin."

There's no sign that China will pose a serious economic challenge to 
the United States in the near future, says Fang Shi-min, an American- 
trained molecular biologist based in Beijing and a frequent 
commentator on higher education in China. He blames the problems 
facing the Chinese education system on the rapidly increasing number 
of students admitted each year.

"There are simply too many students, and the resources, such as 
faculty and facilities, are over-stretched," he says. "It's not 
uncommon for a professor to mentor more than 40 graduate students at 
the same time, which means there is virtually no mentoring at all."

Examining the Numbers

The Fortune article reported that a major gap was developing: In 2004 
China produced 640,000 undergraduate engineers, compared with 350,000 
in India and just 70,000 in the United States. Those numbers have been 
repeated by members of Congress and in an influential report by the 
National Academies.

But when people looked at the numbers closely, they painted a less- 
threatening picture. The Chinese and Indian numbers included many 
holders of three-year degrees and, for China, possibly some auto 
mechanics, according to a December report by faculty members and 
students at Duke University, titled "Framing the Engineering 
Outsourcing Debate: Placing the United States on a Level Playing Field 
With China and India."

When the Duke authors examined only baccalaureate degrees in 
engineering, computer science, and information technology  the 
people most likely to do basic research and product development  the 
American output exceeded India's. And on a per-capita basis, the 
American level was more than 50 percent higher than China's and four 
times that of India.

Many academic and business leaders in China and India consistently say 
in interviews that, despite rapid growth in enrollment and graduates, 
many degree holders lack English-language and other business skills 
needed to work for multinational corporations that are moving 
technical jobs overseas or for homegrown companies that might compete 
with the United States economically.

An increasing number of employers in China are beginning to ask 
"embarrassing questions" about the quality of education, said Tu 
Shandong, vice president of the East China University of Science and 
Technology, in Shanghai, at a meeting of engineering educators last 
month. Employers have complained that graduates lack professional 
knowledge and teamwork skills.

Those concerns were underscored in a report last year by McKinsey & 
Company, an international management-consulting company, titled 
"China's Looming Talent Shortage." The report plays down the 
possibility of China's becoming a giant in offshore information- 
technology and business services. It argues that only 10 percent of 
Chinese job candidates, on average, would be suitable to work in a 
multinational company in nine categories studied, including engineering, 
accounting, finance, and life sciences.

Educators blame those shortcomings partly on the explosive growth in 
enrollment. Total numbers of Chinese university students hit 16 
million last year, up from just 3.4 million in 1998, the year before 
the government began forcing universities to sharply increase their 
enrollments.

Many students in engineering and computer science complain that they 
have gained little practical knowledge in college, Mr. Fang says, and 
that they and their advisers are preoccupied with churning out 
research papers  which he says are poorly produced  to meet 
university requirements,.

Graduate students in China receive small stipends of about 300 yuan, 
or $38, a month, which forces them to take part-time jobs off campus 
that interfere with their research and studies, he adds.

The best students continue to go to the United States for graduate 
studies, and the majority do not return to China, Mr. Fang says. "The 
brain drain is still a serious problem," he says.

High-Tech Dreams in India

India's engineering enrollments have also skyrocketed as corporations 
have outsourced software-design and other engineering jobs here. This 
year India's 1,346 officially recognized engineering colleges enrolled 
around 440,000 students. In 1998 there were only 60,000 seats.

But those bullish figures obscure fundamental weaknesses in India's 
engineering programs. Only about 4,000 of this year's graduates were 
from the seven branches of the prestigious Indian Institutes of 
Technology, which have won praise internationally for producing global 
leaders. Not more than 150 of the remaining institutions are of good 
quality, says researcher Premchand Palety, chief executive of the 
Centre for Forecasting and Research, which does an annual ranking of 
Indian engineering schools.

A separate report by McKinsey found that only 25 percent of Indian 
engineers can compete successfully for technology jobs outsourced from 
the United States. Despite nearly insatiable demand from 
information-technology companies and other booming industries, India 
has close to a million unemployed engineering graduates.

Nevertheless, the demand for engineering degrees is predicted to grow, 
reflecting societal expectations, says C.N.R. Rao, science adviser to 
India's prime minister.

In India, "all parents want their children to be engineers," he says.  
"They will send them to just any engineering college, even if it 
doesn't have proper infrastructure or faculty."

Already, there is a severe faculty shortage at most second-tier 
colleges, and even the Indian Institutes of Technology are beginning 
to feel the heat.

"Most of the IIT's have 25- to 30-percent faculty vacancies, and a lot 
of faculty are going to retire over the next few years," says Pradeep 
Gupta, a 1975 graduate of IIT-Delhi and chairman of PanIIT, an 
umbrella alumni organization. Mr. Palety says that people increasingly 
prefer to take private-sector jobs because they perceive greater 
opportunities for career and salary advancement.

For that reason, Mr. Gupta says that IIT alumni are working closely 
with the institutes to create private financing for academic positions 
to make teaching more attractive.

Corporations are also spending money and taking steps to plug gaps in 
the educational system. Infosys Technologies Limited, one of India's 
largest information-technology-services companies, has formed 
partnerships with 248 engineering colleges for a program called Campus 
Connect, to better align curriculum and teaching with industry needs.

The company has also committed $176-million to triple the capacity of 
its Global Education Centre, in Mysore, which Nandan M. Nilekani, co- 
founder and chief executive of Infosys, calls a corporate university.

"We are making up for gaps in the education system," Mr. Nilekani says. 
"The curriculum is not up to date, and students don't have access to 
the latest technologies."

Indian and Chinese academics agree that their institutions have a long 
way to go.

"There is a big difference between whether India 'could' be a serious 
competitor to the U.S. in technology and whether it 'would' be," says 
Mr. Indiresan, the former director of IIT-Madras. "At this rate, I 
think it wouldn't be. If the quality of all these thousands of 
graduates improved to be on par with graduates from the top-tier 
institutes, only then could it be considered a serious competitor."

(XYS20060912)

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ӻƳǸСѧйʧ

ߣǽʦ

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աӡPeking UniversityĺڵĿһеһġ
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ȨǮѧʡԴ伫䲻ӵм
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йĻҲ˵ߵȽǷǳʧܵġķ롢ƶȡʵʩ
ͽʧܵġ˷ȫ͵һ
֮ţµйĿѧᷢչһʧܵĽϵ
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ģǱġҪָһøӹƽӿ
չĽǶֽı׶˾͸ˡǵСѧǿǷ
ҳüɣ͵ƤԸԽԽ٣ǳ
Ժ󣬹ҵۺϾʲôӣ˵ǡ

ȫӡƽ򡣵йֽ׶
ɫɫḯɢʱǱȻһ̲ݻؽ
ȡΨˣйδϣ

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˵ǵ͵Ļ

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ʵ˻塣Ŀǰҹ뷢ҵĲ̶ܴڹԱǵ
Ӧþ衣

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ܻѧ

ߣyao

1

йĸУѧѾˡԭһЩصѧѧÿѧ
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ʿûȲۣûоҲûʱЩѧǰڹ
Ҳĳʦ˶ʿӲʿʮÿѧóѧ
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ͳⵥλģͶ巢Ѳڿ
ԽԽձˡоһƭҵľѣһʦ
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3

ƽҲӦʶ⣬ǣļѧѧ
Ҵѧѧ˭о˭оҲò⡣

(XYS20060912)

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Фعһ

ˮл

һǰĽ,пƼѧͬҽѧԺоФ
ϲع, Ӵսʼ, ˾人򵽱,Ϸ
̨.˭Ҳûϵ緢̸Цָйҽѧз,Ժʿ
ҪĻ,ǽ. ȥһйФ¼Ļܶ, 
ֶıһ,˵õķ:

1.ФϧԼФϷ仡ʼ˵,˷̰
һǧ쵼ƼʿԹ۵Ĵ,ڲ
,Լ˸ѧ.ϧѹ˾人򵽱,֮Ȼ,
ɼ. ҸФжڷɿΪԼƽΪ
. ФӮ人Ժо,ʱ˺,ϵǰĹ
.ФĲҪɥ,ûһ˵ĵط,˶ҹʧȥ; 
ӵФҲҪ,ΪФڹڿļʮƪ.

2.ڶع˾,NYUФ
Ϊ, Ľ¶,˴רФ¼Ȼ˿. ĳ
Щվ,˾в֮,æɾйϵ׾ӷ,γԱ,Ҳֱʾ
ܵλߣǶҪ¶һ, 
γܲ, ǿ人ͬҽѧԺν¸ڵ÷Ժʿ
һѧ, ҸηȨںɵΪкò.

3.ڷ¼,ƳĬ,˿ڿй
Фھ̬PAPER(ARTICLEPOSTLETTER)һƪ. 
,PAPERŶ̶̼, , Ѵ󳬹ФڱPAPERS
. IMPACT FACTOR Ҳֱ. ڰæ,ðű˾Σ,
һ,ҪͷOPEN ACCESS PAPER, رԼ̬,
ͬʱطḻĻ, ҸĽڵĸֱֱܵ
ƺͼ.

дĽ֮:

1. ФƺȽϽ,˵дϽ. 2002ФھͶԡ
λڲ˵2һȫع,2004628Фں̳
˵ȫְع,˻һƬĽ. ˭֪һ֮
2006ĳ,ФڻNYUҽѧԺٴڵͷϵ.Ф
NYUٴڵͷ䰮ȻġȻ֮˵ì,
ҲʢNYUҽѧԺϵٴڲֵǮ֮˵.

2.Ф˾,û人ͥ˵,СCONTEMPT OF 
COURT. ⷽҲʧȥ˺ܺõĽٺսФ
Ļ. ˸еǳź.һ, ,人ͷ̯
ɰǧĹڿ򼸱硶֮ѡ(ڿ: ISSN 
1672-5038) ,ഺڽ  (ڿ: ISSN1672-6502), ĸض
(ڿ: ISSN:1000-727X)־,ͥ͸ٿ, Ľ,Ҳ
ܲһ., ФҹNYU칫ҵоϲIP
ַʾڵΣ˿̳,ΪԼȽ¼
,ͬն. 뻢Ѩ,ɵû?

3.PAPER жԾ񲡻߻ʾǿ̬
,Ҳкܶ෨,Ȩش֯ĹԱеޱ. Ф
ǷǾ񲡻߻˸,ӦһеܷȨ
츳Ȩ.NIHѶԾ񲡻߻ߵоΪǳ
شĿѧ.Щһ,Ӧûдů黳ȥ.
β,ѧоߵĿ.ĽڶФֳȱ
Ĺػ,֪ǲǻ񲡻ͬ˻ǵǿҷ.
ĳЩ񲡻Ƽ̳ĿǽֵļԻ
Ӧ, űӺĺǱȽص.

2006-9-11ˮի

(XYS20060912)

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Сնԡ人нԺԡڿĶ

ܷ

Ф߷һУ人нԺġо顷ԡڿ
Ķ£ڿӦڹϹеڿйڹϹ
еڿǹڿ

ǿʶЦԷǵ߼ֵһҲһ
һ«ɮжϺ«

һժ20060910աڡҹ硷ıۣ

һ̨ı

۷Ծǰָ̫˵ĶǱһΣ֪û
Ҿ֪һ졣ǸĻ㴩Խ֮ȣֻ
Ů˵ģάϵٰƶһŵġ磡
ѵڤڤ֮бĶӡҰϻ
㣡 

⣺̨ʱпģϷĺۼ 

ˣС 

ΪĹ۵㡰رЦʲôλӢԭ
ǿĶǾѧʦģ̨ûһӢģô̸
ʢʦдÿ̨ʶǹźҵõġ 

(ʱмἰһλӰ˶ԡҹ硷ۡĵ
¡) 

ҿ˵ıǿĻ־Ӹµ̬ȿǡ
úһãͲԸˡ˵ûйɫӦûȥЩ
ϵĶǻáҹ硷ʮԻûʲô
ҿءָҲûʲôֻ˵ǻ˽ⶼ
ǳ 

۵Ķ׾ûһӢģ·ǡķء
ĳ仰ķ档

ݷС˵̨ûһӢģ̸仰˵Ӣĵ
̨ʲҹ硷ĵйŴϷȻὲӢģӢĲŹˣ
ӢĲжһϷķǷ

ǿʶ߼ûһӢģ̸飻װ
ûӢ̸֣ķװûӢ֣㲻ͣ߼
ֲӢģ̸ĴǲǡرЦ

人нԺͷ뵼ݵ߼ǲǡ̫ˣ˵
ǲǡToo simple, too naiveˣ

ȨܲԺ߼ҲȨɣ

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ФϷ仡ĺð취

wupi

ںѵġФС֤ݡˡ(XYS20060910)һ˵
ФϷ仡ҳԽԽ࣬ǹФvsĹ˾˳뵽
˼ФϷ仡ĺð취֪ǷȤã

1ǧôʦٱдһйѧ̲ģѡФϷ仡
רдһ£Ѹٳ棬ʱͿϷͥΪ֤ݡ

2ڹʻע⣬ǡʵġϣѸٽӢҳ
ϸؽܡФϷ仡֮Googleͻˣټһ
Żɣе粻ףϵ

3MedlineӡФϷ仡ĿȻѣܻǿ취ġ
磬һMedline¼ĺʵڿԿҵŵ֣дһ
ƪФvsĹ˾ǡФϷ仡ͿԽMedlineˡ
գ

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ĳЩ˵ʦʥ¸ٵһ㿴

·ģhttp://blog.sina.com.cn/u/1242389251


    йУһΪʦΪ˵ڹŴҲаʦѧյĴ
ͳЩǷִеĵйȫ߼ʣ߼ǡ
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ģ¸ٱʾ̹ҵĶܶǰЯң
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ʽݹʦͷھưʦģֻ2004618հݵĺԾ
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ġ

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ˡ治ˡΪ˾˵ǡ126족ĿΣ˾ʹ
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Ҫʦһ棬˵һʵûбҪ

    һΪʦΪ˾Ľвͬе˽һΪʦ
ҪΪ˸һעԼ̹ѧذѧ

    21ͣų̨ʦҪͨͨʸԡңʦ
ȱݣǷǳʹ࣬ȫӦԻһԴ

    ڽʦ̰⣬ڸĸ￪ŵĽ죬෨ɳ̨£
Դ⣬㶥Թڼһ£ʹ֤ݣҲ
ɣ˾ػί߽乫ڡ

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    ˳˵һ£ᳫһΪµġȷĶʱ򣬵лһͳ
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    Ʃ磬еĵطڷŵıá

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зͰۺ֢

: ʦ    2006912

ʮһյġŦԼ͡λѧҵĶ,ڰ¶ʮ
աŦԼ͡ϷġεˡһйءһλDaniel W. 
Stroock, εˡ ˾˵ͩԹԵۡ
ڶλDeane Yang ڡλSolomon GolombڡS
ҿѧԺԺʿ, GҹѧԺԺʿ˹ȻѧѧԺ
Ժʿڶ,λ߶ͩһһ,,ݷŦԼ
͡ѡǻƽ,Ӧɱһýֲƫе񡣵
˻ζĻSڵ,һ䡣׾,޼֮



Sylvia Nasar David GruberӼȷʵǶԿ
ѧƽӡ, ˿ѧѻʿ׶, Ҳ
Ĳĵ۹ͩ (εˡ, ¶ʮ) Ȼ, 
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νзͰۺ֢? һڽϿһһֻͰ, Ͱ
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ֻз, һܳͰз,צǣ,
,ͬ,˭Ҳ뵥ӳȥ

Sڵŵġʵ֮,лȡ֮ġĹؽ⡣
ʹӸϷ˸,¾弿ҲͲֵһ, SѾ
εˡӵͰˡ

NasarΪ󻯡 ͩϧSںдˡ˵
СˡNasar׶ű߼ʵġʵˡ󻯡ķ
áĸ￴ĺ˵Ҫ׶? ĸѧĺ˵
Ҫ׶?

һġзͰۺ֢ѡǲظεˡеС
˵ʽԺΧ, ǵĳЩΪǷҲͰ֮з?

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ȵë

Fermi

պë,.սԽǶ,Ԭòڱʱ
˿ɱëǸֵ۵.һ,Ԭڹٶ֮սĽҪ
ͷ׷˵ĲΪ,¶ԷѱͶԼ.ëɱ,Ƥ
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õ,ݲ׷ð֮ǿԿǵ.

ַͬ:

һ,ʽͬ.ھǹٶ֮սѺĹؼʱ.Գ½
յΪѧթѾһɱƽµʱ.
ǷǳʱͱҪ.

ڶ,ð֮,ëͬ,ҳ.ָ,
²ҳĳѧ.˵ԺʿЭίԱ˫ƭѿ
֮,ҳкι?ôܱȵë?

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ⲻöȡ塪ٴ溣



ù۵㽲͸ˣѲٷʱ䡣溣ڻӦҵʱ
ȡ壨ûڴָ

溣ҵĻ˵ģ

ͬʱΪھĿ϶йͨĳһ嵥λ԰
ָҪʱ䡢ͶԹҵĹǹûģ֮Ϊ
λйǷǳƽġ

еԭģ

ָ֪ӭһЩڵλѧߵģƤ
ĳǶĵλĲǶйĲ

溣ĺ⻪ѧκƿѧоĻ
۵ģ

͸¶ԼǺѧߣԸ߱׼ϸҪԼȻǺ
ģǲ۱ˡ

ҵԭģ

йĽԤΪGDP2.2%ǵ3%ϡĻ
ǹһλйô͵Ͷÿô
ѧǧĸΪй˵Ϊй޴ĻоԱԴ
˱ࡣ⻪ѧʶӴЩԴһ
Ϊй˷ѣ˲ţΪѧʵԼAcademic 
excellenceṩ˾޴ֻƾһ㣬⻪ѧһԼ˼
ϵʵ̨ʵ˼·ĹڻѧһЩǸŭ
е飬Ļرɣ

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人ѧǻҽԺרڻùҽܳĲ

ߣò˵

人ѧǻҽԺǺʡصѧƣڷġ
רǰλԺ쵼£һֱڷSCIģΪȡóЧȡ
µĴʩ

1  Ĺ໥

人ѧҳhttp://www.whu.edu.cn/еƵУ
ᷢǳַġר򡢳ǡȨȷʵ
һȤ⼸λڵְ£

ģԭǻҽԺԺԺ

רԺĵĲʿ 

ΣĵĲʿ 

ǣԺа칫ΣĵĲʿ  

ƸΣĵĲʿ 

ȨԤƸΣа칫ҸΣĵĲʿ 

һƪSCIģ빲ͻͽֱ⣬
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2  SCIĶ人ѧǻҽԺصʵҵĴ

人ѧǻҽԺһصʵңҽԺĹ涨Ƿ
ʵɣߵλȹ人ѧǻҽԺصʵ
Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering,School and Hospital 
of Stomatology, Wuhan Universityͳһ󣬼ʹٴ
߹ȻʵҡҽԺһȡɽصʵ
ΪҼصʵҡ

3  SCIĺͿҺ͸˵ҹ

SCIĵĿңӵȻƵĵߡ

SCIĵĸˣӰIFշ𣬽ΪIF*10000Ԫ
ңIF 1.5, Ϊ1.5Ԫҡ6ƪSCIģ10Ԫ


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˲šࡢӼ



˶2006ҽܳѡ֮һ人ѧǻҽѧԺԺר
ڽʸ˿˴ҵӣ˸ɻ
顣ҶĿǰѡĹ̡׼һЩ֪Ӱ˿
˵һϵȷҪƵĵطʵǽѡ
˲ųƺŵѡγһĳӦ˵ƶйأ
ڸżȻֵ⡣

ʷйʵ۶Ϊɽش׵ĳһӣܴ
ϻӲһҫԻĽͼʵĿ⣬߱³
ⷣôȻޱȡͻȻ뵽,ڶ˲ųƺţ
ŴĻһ?˲ųƺ̫࣬ԶŴӵĺ
ˡ

˲ųƺŶţë˭Ҳйжѧ˲ųƺš
֪ˡߵѧ˲ųƺſѧԺ͹ԺԺʿˡԺʿ
ƺſԱ͡ӡܳԱ¡͡ӡ
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˵ѧίԱ˵ĿѧԺԺʿһԺҲӵ
˵Ĺģй̫ˣ˲ô࣬⿿һǧ˵ԺʿƺԶ
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һ˲ųƺŴ˶ӿƼĽܳ꣬Ŷӣ973863
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ֻǼڶӵеһõֶҲͱһ
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ʵڶǵѧ˵һԭ򡣱ӦǱѧʵ
ݷݷѧǾסӾ޴ôջ󣬷׷߳ի뵽ӵ
ķѧҵܻ˷丱Ӱ켫һǲ˲
Ҫһֽ֤϶Լб£и֮ҵڴﶼ
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ΪԼһ˲϶֤?

ҪӴĸЧӦҪôȡӴһкô(
һӿܻѹȥ), Ҫôȡӵ(
Աܻʧҵ)ֻҪܴ޴ôгϹӦ״
, ䷢ŹеĲΪͲʧ.

һֱƣΪʲôҪô?
ȥУѧʣЩ·Ĳ?

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졶ҽܳѡΪµѧܡ



ĶڱרڵĹҽܳǷ񹻸ܴĻ
죬˵ܳ˵ĹעһΪҽܳ
ѧرģϵƺѷ˱仯
ˡ족Բ졣

ֻ϶߽ڵSCI㣬϶רڲ
ʸȻǲ˽ĿǰҽܳϵУҲر
ԲͬѧƲӦSCIΪݣĿǰһԵǻ
á

˼ǰע⵽һ½Ľܳߣرǹ
ѧƣҲѧӣֻᷢѾΪáЩû
һƪSCIģС10ƪȻҪ˵ˣڹϲκ
ѧӰ죬ҲǿԵѡЩ˶дĽȻЩ
˵ѧڹҺ͸УƼϵʹȻ
ܽ쵼Ҳʶÿ12ʡ
͹ҽţˡڻԺʿΧơʵгڿƼչ
ҪЭ̻˵ڴˣһ֣ӦȡÿһȵĿƼ
˶ڹҲϣֻ߿ѧл񹲺͹ʿѧ
ȡнΪûһƼ͹
ƼٽƼġκοѧ֣뼼봴죬ǿ
ʵҷ֣гռ죬ڵʷΪ͹۱׼ʵϣûһר
˵ĿУбȱȽǡڹҽΪ
һλ͸˳ɾ͵Ψһָ꣬˽еΥΥΪ
ƵƵԣĳɹƽʷ顣
Ƽڻ96ձʾδ¾ļٿƼƶƼ
˲ΪĿ귢չ

һίѱ㷺ͣͽռҪã
ȻĽܳꡣҼӼ֣ᷢʵϡ족
ġЩѧٺѧԴ˻á𽥳Ϊơ

ˣӦᳫԹͬѧۺΪѧӰı
׼һΨ׷񽱣ؽʹܳʧȥԭе
á

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ѧǹ

ߣպ

:

˺ܰĿ, 9.9ġҽܳѡ
Ϊµѧܡ, Ե˹ѧ. ִԼѧ
Ƶ, ˿,ڿᣬǲ׵ġ

NSFCӲҪ쵼ѡĻNSFCӦйԺйԺ
ѧԺʿһ ӦѧƵĽһ࣬Щ쵼ѡΪѧ
࣬Ϊ

ʲôǹѧȰ߷һManagement Science.

NSFC߸ѧ һǹѧÿ궼¹ѧ
ĺܶĿࡣɼ߶NSFC

йԺ̹ѧҲѧϹѧвǰǿ
ϵĹףָӹش󹤳Ŀ

֮ѧ쵼£ҵҡ
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⣬ƸڣֻҪУ쵼û˵Ժϵ쵼
첻Ҫ˵

ϣܹǣԳһס

ڱ

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֤϶

ľʸBLOG

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ϷһĻ˶ɫ֤Է
̫ΪȻϧĴϷ죬ǲ¶򣬲
ʽѧĳʾڡѲġɫ
ʧȥģҲʧȥǵ𾴣ǿʼɣλѧô
񽭺ϵİʽˡǮǲ¶桱µġ

Ϸ߳˼顣ȻԱΪעҪסϷ
ķӾˡո߳Ҳʶ䡣ѹõﱾ
þķʽһ׻ѵĽϷȻʧЦǲ
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ϷβֶԷӵķ˿Ъ˹ĹϵķŭУ
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˸еһܵı֣ϷԽԽɫ
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ӿѧΪϷϷûĻֻǶԡ϶᲻
Ȥ

Ϸţһġβ͡ѲҪˡ

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ıߣһʧȥԣöϾ˼ģΪ
ԽԽԶˡⳡĺôһμ֤αѧݳģ
Ҳǿ˿յý֮ðѧ֮йɫ
¶ԾΪвѧ֮ˣǵѧҲԽȨ
֮׬ȡѧ֮

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ᶼġ

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Ƶ¼

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2 еĻ⣬ָмͼ󣬶
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˹ʹԼֹϸս

3 ΪƲѳǹͱͲŵԼ£Ϊ
ӵӵһᷢըǿǳʶ

4 ⣬Ϊϻ1һ
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ڵһ㣬Ǻ׽͵ġȻѶԾʷ̫
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1953610գ־Ը60883.7ߵأ973ߵغ902.8ߵأ3000Ǳ
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15ʽڸ˼ʹʱȻְֱӢ
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ʵϣѵһЩҲ֡־Ըսʿ
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