                         ˿µϣ20080214գ

08.02.14, ФⷽӴα(Politiken)
08.02.14, κ¡й춼˽ڡҲ˵˵֪ʮIPv9
08.02.14, ũԺоԱпԺ¿Ժʿл鱨ũԺˮоӹˮƽ
08.02.14, ʥҲץҡ
08.02.14, ݰ˼С֪ǺƹҿоѵĶ֡
08.02.14, Żݡ˽ʤ׷
08.02.14,  Ȫйũҵѧٱʮߣٱٵʮĥѣ£
08.02.14, ̷ִҽѧй˵ʵ ҽͬũ񹤡
08.02.14, hookleeʿݵзȶ
08.02.14, ̷ǸʽǵĻľҲ̷ʿ¡
08.02.14, Ѱ޽⡢̵֮ׯĵã15
08.02.14, ձʿһԿ

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com)

ФⷽӴα(Politiken)

ʣһڹѾȥġꡱӤѵı˱
˵Ӱ죬ΪڴͳĻбȽˣҲ
ӺݵĸΪһˣ
˽һ£Ϊһαѧʿԡšôģ

˵ĳһФСȽûκοѧݵģһ
šФݱƥģĺġ룬2007ȫ
мǧ˳ѵǾͱݳˣФÿ12һΣ
ѵȥ12ꡢ24ꡢ36ꡢ48ꡢ60ꡢ72ꡭͱ
ˣͳ֤һ𣿵ȻûУҲС׵ĶΪһ
֣һδɣûбҪȥָ
һѷȥǾͲˣ⡣

ʣΪꡱӤǷӳ˼йȻ
ٹ̣

ǵġ

ʣʮФ˵Ƿͬţľ飬˼ʲô
ȺӰ

Ф˵ţһĻסФӰ
˵ԸˣǾһš˼ũȺӰ
Ƚϴ󣬱绹ĳФ˲ܽ飨С
ͷ˵

3ʣΪΪʲôȻᱻ˼Ӱ죿

˼ڶ㴫ͳĻý
Ϊпѧݡͳִαѧϣ˾ͻвСӰ
졣

ʣԼʲôģǶζʲô

ģǶ˵ֻһĻţûκʵ
塣

(XYS20080214)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com)

й춼˽ڡҲ˵˵֪ʮIPv9

κ@xys

213˿Ϸġ֪IPv9wanderorҲҵѧ
ɡ˵Ҳ缼оIPv9ʮ̬ȣ
ǰ⵱Цġ

ǣĳЩ߻ߣǵġ¡Ѫ
ڣҪˣ 

Ҳݲ̸һ̸IPv9˽ʮɡ 

Ҽǵ1998ǰμӹҷί֯ıᣬҲе
֤ʣȡлʮIPv9ǵýʲôϸڣ
ֻǵлʱ˵˷ģIPv4IPv6ʮƣ
˿ƵģʮԼģл֪ʶ
ȨڱҰȫҪ壬˵õ˵Ͽɣǵı׼ 

Ҽǵõʱרҵķܴһλ֪ͨר
/ԺʿǺķǵô˼ǲԱҰȫ
屣˼˼ԹΪҰȫ֮ 

ʱƣлڵϺͨûоôڻ
˵Ȥܹ÷ί֯һרŵļᣬͷС
˵Ϻͨûоĳսĵطû
֤֪ǲҥԡ 

ҲǴʱ֪һ˽ڷĹIPv9RFC1606֮
ЦһЦˣΨһ仰ӡоʷˣעҪظʷ
ҲΨһһĻǵл˵ʵIPv9ĵ·ʧˣ
ȴʵIPv9ȫܣ 

Ҳй춼˽ڡ 

Ȼ֪лǻ˹Һ㽭ѧIPv9
йνר֤ᣬҲǸʽɡ˵Ϊѹϵ
л㽭ѧһЩ 

ǰΪĵ飬йлͨż¼
һҲʹ˲֮˰ɡǿԴĲ˽飺 

http://blog.wswire.com/read.jsp?aid=8936&uid=148# 

http://w.org.cn/user1/4/archives/2008/1565.html 


ȻЩЩҡϵǿ߲Ըġ 

ںһϽҹITЩʱʵIPv9Ϣ
 WAPIν֪ʶȨġ¡޲
ҵЦղ֮ 

ýڶҵĴǡС˵ˣԼķܶЦʱ
һʲôϣԭΪСΣǱҶ
ˣҲʼйһˡеСָдˢӶ
顷ߣ
http://www.wyzxsx.com/xuezhe/yuchunxiaozhu/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=3
4 

ġ¡ǲȥСȥЦĴ
ܶһʲôϣЩνġ桱֮ȥһЩ
ƵоռùԴôȥ֧ЩΪͶҪ
о

ȻǡйһҲûʲôɼûˡ
塱ĿȺͶνձͷ۵š 

Գһ塱ߣҲ֪ɣ֮ 

ԾҲһߣҽ˵ң֮ 

˼˽컹˽ڡ

(XYS20080214)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com)

пԺ¿Ժʿл鱨ũԺˮоӹˮƽ

ũԺоԱ

2000лαίγġʡũҵѧԺʮ꡷һд
ũԺˮоӹˮƽ 20001113աƼձ
һϷũԺʮꡪԷƺƪһƣݸ
ʡũҵѧԺԺлܣԺˮоӹˮƽл
ѧܻһ֡Ŀŵȡƭˣ
Լðȷֺ˺ũԺȵλ˵ķȨͿƼɹȨˡ
ͨ򡷵118ķɹ涨Ҫʵ£

1лԺڿƼձϽܸũԺˮоӹˮ
ƽ󣬡ƼձйӽˮɹĹӰ졷һĸ
20001117ڡƼձϷĸķ˵ӽΪȫ
شƼĿйũҵѧԺͺʡũԺ֡֯ȫЭ
أ1973ʵӽϵףѡһӽϡй
ƹȵλ˹ũҵע80
ˮойˮӽĺоĿǰ20Һ͵
ӽо1981йϳɳӽоģٰ
12ڹӽѵ࣬ѵ20ҵ200ҵũҵƼԱ
йӽĳɹ˹ϵĸ߶ۺͱԬ¡ƽ1981
صȽ1985Ϲ֪ʶȨ֯ܳҽʽ
䷴ʵǣ׽ҴлԺĻԡ֪ˮ
оӹˮƽ߷ǺũԺĪлʵΪ
ƸũԺˮоӹˮƽĻҲһ

2ӡũԺʮ꡷һ黹ɿ2000лơũ
ԺˮоӹˮƽʱԺˮоֻһʡ
ƼȽ֣ȳеġˮ515Ŀ1997ý
ڸġҼɹһĿСɵȫЭĿʡЭ
ҪֵλˮԱɵġӽĿ1981
ȷļأĵһɵλǺʡũԺԬ¡
ƽڶɵλǽʡƼũɵλ
ǹʡˮоЭȳ̡ũԺûб
ֻһѡɴ˿ɼ2000ʱũԺˮоˮƽ
ںũԺλ̸ʲôӹˮƽǣ
ʱθũԺԺлǵĿŵؽӹˮƽд
ίεġũԺʮ꡷һ飬ΪԺ鱨ɼƭˣȡ
һĿŵͨ߶ɷúڡƼձϷ¼ȫ
鱨ũԺˮоӹˮƽٴƭˣȡ
˹ѣȲ¿ƼɹȨֺĵλֲ±
֪ȡЦʵǵ졣һ֪ʵ˹
ѣʲô鱨ģѹ鱨63ΪױƵ
ۼƹʱ2000ͳƵݱ1997ͳݷһ
ĶȻĻʵԻ˲ˣֱԳűع
ձԱһˮоˮƽһĸũԺΪ
ӽˮĸũԺҲǡԾظ
ЧӦ

漰лѧ⣬2007ԺʿѡͶҲ
ϷͶߣֱֻпԺԺʿֹʹԺʿˡ

2008214

(XYS20080214)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com)

ʥҲץҡ
дڡʥŽڡϮٰʵ¶ϵ֮ǰ

ϾƾѧѧԺ   

ҼʥŽڡϮٰʵ¶ϵ£
һƪƪıȶ֤ķʽ¶ʥɡľ顢ٴ
ϮٰĳоǰʱʥѧΪд


ʥ֧ߵġѧѧѧ
ֵһϵйصٴ֤һ㡣ʥǲǰʵ
ˣǻرʵñӣˡ

ʥ֧ƺѾԼܽᲢ˵·
ץˡ

磬ЩйصУǼȾľ顢ٴλ
ڵġǻġʷģΪҵǡ ķӭ֣
ģЩҼҵ¡ԡУҵ֤ȫ
ƾ˵˵ȵȡҵһƪĩѾ

磬ڳֻۣ֮Ҫʥ۵ͬΪ
侮ʯ𱨣١ ʥƽӹ Ρ
2007˼¡һĶԡһ𡱡ƮʥܲܽЩ
ۣԴˣʥڣΪһ𡱵
дôΪʲô㲻ʵأҲԭǡһ𡱵
½ǶԵġһ𡱵˵ǶԵģôֺġ侮ʯ
𱨣١Ϊʲôץ˶أ֪ץ
˶ûдҲһҲ֮
Īɡ

ҵҲһʥ֧Ӧ֤ʥûѹƲͬ
ʱܲϾƾѧѧԺԡɡе
ûѹƲͬԴȨһ
ʥڵšûвͬ޸˽ż⣨
Ȩţԭľ顢ٴ״ʥġ̰
ʸΪʣʵУԶҽáڸ
ʵࡣȻ޷֤

⣬ʥѧ淶ͬʱΪʲôԼѧ淶
ܵɵʱӦأ˿Ͼѧ
ʥĽѧϰȶԵ£ָʥáһΪʽ϶Ϊһ
ʽͷʽддʽƿɾʽλλʽ
6ַʽҿ¡ ظʮƪΣСһʽھɷ
8ƪʥԴֻδᡣʥһֱߺԼûѧ
ʧ顶ʥҿ¡ ظʮƪΡʥ
ĵġһʽȴϸоٱȶ60ƪεѧʧ£
ʥǲҲӦöԼ˶ӵѧΪСáһ£
һһƪһͶܵ˻Ӧ
ʥȴǽһһΪʽһ¾һˣ5
ַʽҿ¡ ظ2350ƪΣǺĶ
ǲǸӦӦ

ʥ֧˵ǡǻġҾãҵ¶½Ķʵ
ʵʵһһǶʥ֧ṩ֤֤
һ㲻ʵڻرʥľ顢
ٴڼٰ֤ɽ⣬ѵ

ʥ֧˵ǡ ķӭһϲ
ˣҪ˭ ķӭϲƴѧԺʦһ
Ϊ˷ѧԺͷչơɡʷġ
ʫʡġȻǰǷѧԺ˾֪
ʵ͡ɡǵ졢衢̰ǲ٣ƣ
Ҽţ顰ɡǵͼıǷѧԺΨһ·

ҵ¶ϲƴ෴Ҫͨ¶ʥ
ɡ˶ѧУһͷ̰ѧУ뷨ѧԺ

˳˵˵ʥǺνϲƷѧԺֽں͸ڡ
ʥϽҪѧԺµĲ񣬿ûиľԺȥ
ӡ³Ժ硱ľԺ2008112
ڷѧԺĲǡ¡Ĳ񣬶ǹ2007β
8µķѧԺջѵȿ֧ȫϸˣԭʼ˱
֧ˡˡʥǾû뵽ľԺȻûκ
һʹطѡдѡӴѵı֧νľԺְȨ÷ѧԺ
Ǯ׷ӡ򳵡ͨԺͨߡĻԱ׷
飬ֽں͸ڡĻǵġƹñȫԺְ³

ʵʤ۱磬ڲס̫ţʥŽڡϮ
ٰʵ¶ϵ·һܻľ顢ٴڵףҲһ
ܽʥɡǶѧʷĳϡ

(XYS20080214)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com)

֪ǺƹҿоѵĶ

ߣݰ˼

Կաڡλõˮһ˵
ݰ˼С18ӡ⡱Ϊʲôƺͬһ
ʡΪĸ߶ǲͬˣܡûͨԼ
ˡ

èڡ֪ԲΪξͣһ
֪ǷںƹҾѣʵʵǺã

ҿ֪ڶоҳϲ鿴λܹSCI
30ƪһͨѶͨߣ˿¶PNAS֮
⣬ֻиµӰӳ2J. of Agri. and Food Chemistry,
1/3ҵӰӲ11ңActa Botanica Sinica, Chinese 
Sciences BulletinFolia ZoolEcological ResearchActa Theriologica
Can. J. Zool.

Ȼ֪оݿɲĿҽܳĿй
ѧԺ"˼ƻ"Ŀ""ƼĿȻѧصĿ
Ƽ973Ŀӿ⣬йѧԺҪ·ĿȻƼ
ƽ̨ĿƼбĿίشĿӿ⣬йѧԺŶӹ
ʺƻƼ973ĿˣɻίĿԼ㣬
֪ȥʮֵĿӦóǧԼʹõľӦڶ
ǧϡ

ٿ֪ƪµıעע⣺µ12Ŀֻһй
ѧԺ֪ʶ¹Ŀ(KSCX2 - SW- 103)ǱעƪУ

2004֪꣬ڡѧΪɽӺɶӵ
ءõ»ƼбĿ(FS2000 - 009) ; Ƽ973 
Ŀ(G2000046802) ; йѧԺҪ·Ŀ(KSCX2 - SW- 103) ; 
йѧԺ˼ƻĿĸĿʽܶԼ400ҡ

2005֪꣬ڡѧΪԭüƶģʽ뷴
ʳԲ߷ õ»ȻѧĿ
(30170170 , 30470311) ; йѧԺ֪ʶ¹Ŀ(KSCX2 - 1 - 03 , 
KSCX2 - SW- 103)ĸĿʽܶԼ150ҡ

2007֪꣬ڡԡΪΧӰѰ
ɢغӵĹؼء õ»Ȼѧ
(30430130, 30500072 30570307)йѧԺŶӴĿ
(CXTDS2005-4) ĸĿʽܶԼ200ҡ

֪ƽÿƪ³ɱʮϰңɱ֮
ʵͶ֮Ϳɴ¼

ô֪֮йѧҡΪʲôԸĿ԰Ҹ
УйѧԺоΪÿԱĿ⾭ѶĿ
֧䣬Ŀ涨ʱɣͨΪ꣩նĹ涨
ѴԼһϽһĿ֧䡣˵һ
һ100Ŀ40ɹ60˽ྭѣ
Լ30СôʲôõܶࡢܴĿأȻ֪
򣨻־ֳ֡κģȨ·ӱȽҰˡ
ôġǮ˭ƶأȻ֪ˡ

(XYS20080214)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com)

˽ʤ׷

Ż

ڴѾõĻϻռȻѲѼҵΪ˵Ǹ
˵󻰵ĹԱְͣɼαѲ

ǲǡ׷жԸһأ

ŻΪͣΪβȫȫ׷жעĲ
ǻϻǷĴڣǰڵĳšҹ
˵ѾΣⲻãлıչ
ҲһгϢ𾴵塣

֮дһλԭǹвмϻϰߡʷ
ʹѵ³ѸΪ֮̾ϢˣԽ֮ϻŻżģ
׷򣬰ѻյʵʳ״ʹ˽ʤ׷Īû
ͷβ

(XYS20080214)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com)

йũҵѧٱʮߣ

ٱٵʮĥѣ£

йũҵѧ̹  Ȫ

õ°оｫһߣһдһƪй
ũҵѧٱйܡ˾ڰ£Ϊ֮ף10ļ
д10Ϊ顷йũҵѧٱʵСӣ
ͬǰġйũҵѧٱܻ㡷ϡ²ᣬĸҪ
Ÿˡ

֪ĸʱڿҪɱͷײнۡй
̡֤ݣԿֵܳκζǶ㣬Ҳʮ
ĥѶԹҹгһ㹱ס

ǿ̳˲ͣдЩ·棬
ܻ̫ʵˣĳЩλ󣬲Ҳˡ汯ô꣬
ܵ˴ԩһйĵطҲ

˺ǽ顷йũҵѧٱʵСӼĸѧ
У¸ص͸Ժϵ칫ңԺϵĵΪ㻹д˵
档ͬʱҲԪǼһ˷ţǣǣ
Ϊũ쵼ùʦغͰΪζ˲

ＴдѧУԪǡУ룬Ҫ
ѧУִзԺЧоһֱûнʦ֣ѧ˵У
ѯִоĺ

ºѧУûжﱻΣ򺣵ԺǿִУ
ɴõ6ԪִпУΪȫ˴ί˶ԴԺ
оҲйɫ

20051128պ1215գһٴߴ£Уŵĸ޶
ƣ´֣ʦ֣ѧһʵ⡣ѧУķ
ǰݣ⵽ļܾ

֣ѧԡоѧУֻҪԶְͲ6Ԫʣ
ЧоȰ˵ﵱȻ֣ʦԵں壬˼
ѧУķѧУͿԲˣоӮҲûá

ǆ£Ϊ˱ʾᶨ־ǡУд˷ֱ
ԻؾΪʾģͬʱָйũҵѧλ
ʸǰݣһλǳͬ־һǳУͬ
־Ӧɡ

ڼ䣬ѧУվϵűѧУίУ˷ֹܵ
¹ɸУŶ档ѧУеѸ֪ʵһ
õźšǲΪ֪Ŷְǽ˵ģ
йٳٹ໤ϰߣŲｭ

2006317գѧУĳ˶Զְ˺´
ϵ͵ֵĵȡѧУ

20064£ͨѧУŷҪУڰӴУ
ӴսӴǽɵ⡣£

ڹ´ʾ

ѧУ199838նԶְ2005810շԺ
ϵһ
ɽ᰸8ѧУδУͬ־֪
ѧУίָҵĹҪǰݣʹܵ˽һ˺
8ܵĸʧԹءǰ̬ȣ
ٴУ쵼ʾ
1. ݡйԱѧУ첿ȫ
²1999135ļָҵĹ͹ʡ
2. ָҵְʿѧ
3. ҵרҵˮƽʵӦְƣӦס
4. ԩٴɵƸʦȷá
5. ֹ˼ҽȺìܼͲҪ鷢
6. һָҪǰݡѧУίľ
֪ͨʹﱾˡ
7. ƻƣžԩٴũ
ˣ٣ǩ

2006419

Ӧ˵Ҫ顢Ϸκι֮ѧУʱ
µŶУǷֱӴɼѧУ⿼ǵġ֣ѧ
ѧУǱǰݣǿĴļѾʲҲ
ԺִˣԺоѧУѾȫִУҪĻָ⣬
д˽ۣԺоɾˣҲûκɣѧУûд
Դåʽ˵÷ҲǷԺоΪѧУеԤ
Ŀռ䡣

˺ѧУв쵼죬һŮͬ־÷ӹֵܳ´ְ
ҹΣ̬Ⱥܺãȡܺ󣬴Ӧ˽⡣
ҵʱ̬ȷ180ȵĴת䣬ԭֺ˵˵
һ׶˵ҵƣѧУܡʣҵ
𣿼ȻѧУܣ˵˭ܣ𸴣˭˭ҺΡ
¼ұ㡱һţڽűߵһ߳Զİ
ߣŵðû˵˵˾䣺ֲҶģһС
ʲôѽº´ʱ´Ҳͷ
У쵼ơ

ˣҲ´ֱµŶУˡһ
ʱŸУ𸴣¸λƸƣѧУûȨҲûа취
ţðǰݣ⵽ľܾڶҵŸУŴǰ
ýӹµģǰεܲˡ𸴡ҪңҲܡ
׷Ҫ˵ǲǷֹ¡ȥΪ
ˡ

ֱ20079£ǵ⻹ûнǣѧУί
д˷ǿӲţٲͽ˰򼴽ٿйʮߴ
㱨ԪǡУźͬʾУĸ︱Уǣͷ
ǵ⡣

Уӵʾ󣬡ʮһٸչټί¡Уڡ
оԺйزԱֽ⣬˵ܴУû
а취Ӧָﵽԭľũ˾ũ˾ʲȫתƵũ
ɷݹ˾ͣҵ״̬ҪͬѧУİţ
ҪѧУԴ˰·ʽ֪ͨûϢ

Ϊ˲ÿһֿܣѧУѰͬʱ֪ûϣ԰
򸽴֤򱱾еһмԺ

2005119գеһмԺ֪ͨ顷
2005һֵ13288š϶оڼĹǳֿ
˱Ȩ豣һң˵Լ
δṩ֤ݡҪоָ𸴣Ϊ
ԭ壬δйũҵѧߣԭδ
ָţнͷ̸Ϊߣ

֪ͨ顷СԼδṩ֤ݡ
Ǹе֣ǣ2006323գﵽһԺƲıĵ

Ƿǳ𾪡һͥύûнգؿרʼĵ4
֤ݸû뵵4֤ǡڹһعԱҵλ
Աɴֹ⴦֪ͨ˷1999135ţ
ũҵѧ¼ܹ˾19982-9£ڵ
͹ʱ׼֪ͨ[ʷ199893š199990ŵ]ȡ֤顷
٣20041224գǵжб¼ʹִ
أһԺвʹģ滹Ҵ˵ǩ֡ʵϱ
ûпͥУؿרʹġû뵽ԺȻα֤ݡ

Ӵ˳»ȡоʱ˸ۣΪ⣬ʼ
ؿרݵŷҲҪˡ200645գĴ˳»ճ֤
ûвμУоʼʹġ

ǣָµ֤ݣ˾򱱾и߼ԺߡԺ
20071218ԡԭо϶ʵ÷ȷġ
ʵͷݡΪɣ

򱱾и߼ԺߵͬʱﰴеһмԺ
֪ͨ顷2005һֵ13288š򺣵Ժ
ߣҪойũҵѧָĹ

Ժ200636ö2006ֵ
08389šǡ˵ظߡ˺һԺ߼
󣬾ԡظߡΪɲء

ˣͨԺ;ߵ˾ͷ

Ϊץʱ䣬Ժߵͬʱﻹ֤ݣ
򱱾ԺһԺߡ

һԺ֪ͨתԺ뺣ԺϵǸ֪ʱ
֪ͨ200633գԺһԺ壬δκε˽
£ֱ֪ͨ顷(2006)һֵ57š
϶ԶְľԳоڼĹʣ
Ȩ˳ֱԼδṩ֤ݣԺ֧
֡еһмԺ2005һֵ03104о϶
ʵ÷ȷ참Ϊϼ

֤ݺʹҵϼʱŸеѰ첢ϰ참ʣҪ
Ծʱ䴦𸴣˰Ѿ˾ûа취

ֻѰ;ȻԺоѻ199832002
3µĹ⣬ʵûеõԺԺ߶˵϶ʵ
߼ǲũйԱǮ̰ˣ֪ûֿܣ
ﻹǼ򺣵Ժ̰־ٱũйԱ̰Ӧø


Ժ2006109𸴾ٱ֪ͨ顷[ٴ
2006212]飺δйũҵѧйԱ̰۷ɣ
2006927ս᰸ҪԺȷǷũȡý׶εĹʱ


ţűеķ飬һֵԺٱľ
ﱾˣҪ󺣵Ժġܸ

˾϶1998320023µĹ⣬Ժ
Ժ϶ѵõԼ˵ûеõԺֲͨѧУй
Ա̰⣬ڶԹ˾ΣпܵľΪ˵ﲻ
ʵʵʵõý׶εĹʶⲻϡ

ģɽӴԱЦ˵ҿڴ
㣬ܸ⣬Ҫ׷Լܸﱻܾ

е·ʣµ;ֻһѡ---Ǿ׷
˾ԱΣ

˵ĻＫԸ¡ǵ人ͬҽƴѧФ뷽
Ȩ׷·εĿڱʵ
ýչΨһ취ˡ򺣵Ժظ淨£

ڶʢ١｡Ȫ
°¿ظ

  ˣ ٣йũҵѧ̹

ظˣʢ٣кԺͥ١
｡Ȫ𣬱еһмԺͥ١

ظɣظйũҵѧ°
·
ʵɣ
һ	
1ٱΥйũҵѧĳЩ쵼
19984ҲٱũУҵũҩ͵
˰©˰˽С⡢ŲùлܻߵһϵΥ⣬ʵ˰
Υ600Ԫ˽С500ԪŲù400Ԫȵȡǰ
ѵ֪ռϡǩϢ˴19983ͣ
ٱ˵ĹʣѧУ199938ԿΪɶԶְ
2˾ҡͬһ߽õЧо
ìܣ״
ѧУ¾ϷĽ;һ²ٲã
ʦߡʱ8꣬ҵһ²
ٲòũϼܵλҽߡ
оǷũ̹òùܵڱеһмԺ
и߼Ժ3߽ʱ5꣬ȴõ3໥ìܵ
ЧоһЧо϶ũ̹ӦܣڶЧо
Ҳũ̹ܣũĴɷϣԵ
ЧоΪҪũҵԽȨʱִ
ũ̹ũ󲻴ԽȨ⣬Ϊҵ߽ߡ
ʱձġԲ־ԡһ״ŵ¾סΪ˱
˺ܶýĹע
3²ھֱҵλٲίԱ

ڽҵڶ²ٲú²
ھֱҵλٲίԱᡱõṩĳ֤ݡ
Ժ໥ìܵ3ЧоٲίԱͬ־ʵڿȥ
ҽϵʾ²쵼󣬲˷ԺìоΪص㰸ʵ
Ϊݣ˱ͥ϶ҵġԶְû
ʵݡûзݡΥ2004831þ
ũĴ´ָⰴ²˷1999
135ļ˵һĹ޹ԣϾ
طɡʵġ

һУʢΥʵ
1ũ1998320023ÿ¸ҵ210Ԫǹ
ݱͶᱣϾ֡ڵ͹ʱ׼֪ͨ[
ʷ199893š199990ŵ]19981999ȵ
׼Ϊ210Ԫ͹ʱ׼Ϊ310ԪԺߣ20012002ȣ
ѱ׼Ϊ305Ԫ͹ʱ׼Ϊ435Ԫˣũ19983£20023
ÿ¸ҵ210Ԫ19983£19993Ϊѣ˺
̸ͣǹˡݱũҵѧ¼ܹ˾ʱ
19984·ֵĹΪ700Ԫֱ֤ũ19983£20023
ÿ¸ҵ210Ԫǹʡ
2 һԹоΥ°߲ԭ
ũߵģũжԲʼطδκ
飻˫֤Ҳûκйͣҹʵ֤ݣͥиû
漰κβʷ⣨ֻڴ״ᵽʹоǰҲû
о͹ҽйκص顣ԹֱоΥ
°߲ԭ
3ʵ 
һоھйũҵѧ20023ͣ
ٵĹʡȫǹʵʵйũҵѧ19983ͣ
ҵĹڼ䣬19983£20023ÿ´ũȡ210ԪǮ
ݱһ󵵰СԡĲϿ֪ʢ֪ũ1998
3£20023ÿ¸210Ԫ210Ԫǹʵʵġҵũҵѧ
У쵼˵Ժδʹũ顱ҵĹǷ
Ա̰⣬򺣵Ժٱ󣬲ʵ̰⡣
4з
ݡڹһعԱҵλԱɴֹ
֪ͨ˷1999135ţҵλԱרҵ
ԱʵȷɴֵģӦָԭʴڱ
ͣĹʡ𡢽ԲڼΪʵ
Ŀ޺ͱְʱΪ䡱ˣũ19983£
20023ÿ210Ԫ20024һǮͣ
Ӧȫһ󷨹ʢٶԼĹʲ貹
ͣĹʾЦԱʱ䳤ȷʶΪɣƽ
Բѵǵ͵з𣿣ϰ֪ҷɷͬϷӦ
أѵķپͿ̤𣿣

У｡ȪΥʵ
1޹
һΪ׳20041221оûκɺ
£Ժ쵼Ӧ2005426տͥ2005811ղ
᰸ 8£Υˡл񹲺͹Ϸйʱޡ
ͥ߹˫δκʵֻһٲ
ֶεıҳߣΥ˷ٵְ
2α֤
2005811գԷȪ󰸹гֵֹ£ԡ
Ȫ󰸹¶࣬뷨Ժ쵼ԳΪ⣬
Ȫرܡ򡣷Ȫڶ磨12գ绰֪ͨо
ǰ죨10գʼġͨ绰ϵ֪ҵĴ˳»նԴҲ
֪飬ʵϳ»ڵʦ816ղյоؿרݡ
2006323գҵеһмԺƲģֵ
еһмԺб¼еһмԺʹ֤
ݲϵеص㡢ʹصΪԺʱ䡢յʱΪ
2005810աȻαġ
ҵĴ˳»֤оؿרݵķʽʹʦ
ԱҦǩգʱΪ2005816գûеһԺμС
ȪΪӱġرܡ򣬲ϧα20058
10ڷԺСʹ֤ݣʼΪӡ
3Ӵ۸֤
оҵ׼4֤ݣ1ڹһع
ԱҵλԱɴֹ⴦֪ͨ˷1999
135ţ֤ҵĹз2ũҵѧ¼ܹ˾1998
2£9¡ʱ֤ҵĹ3ڵ͹
ʱ׼֪ͨ[ʷ199893š199990ŵ]֤ũ
ÿ210Ԫǹʣ4ȡ֤顷֤ҪԺȡò
֤ݡ
ʱһԺգöʱύʱύȪ˵
ûбҪԲաеǴصģʱҺҵĴ˻֤
ǩ֣ʾΣҪύԱܾѯʱ¼г»˵û
֤ύʵҳûԱǩ֣д۸֮ӡ
4˽֤
2005516ҸȪһؿרݣʼ˶ͥв
ύĸߡˡ4ݹؼ֤ݡ2006323գҵ
еһмԺƲ鵵ûз֤ݣȪ˽ˡ
ߺ󣬱еһмԺͥԺһԺ϶
ûṩ֤ݡ
5ְȨ
ԱһԭߡũɿɹΪһ
Ժ϶ʵҵһԺʵз
ϷúϽ˿ͥȪֻǧټơֶ
ƭҳߣûаաл񹲺͹Ϸһʮ
ġһԺʵзɽ϶˺Ҳû
ѯҽʵ˶ûṩκιʷµ֤ݣʼĵ
֤;ߡάԭСо
оĿŵر조Ժ飬һʵʵԺȷϡ
ȻԣƵǻ˵ʵ˫ڶеĳڰ
֤
һԭûоͲⲻϣһоΥ
°߲ԭһоھйũҵѧ
20023ͣٵĹʡȫʵΪͥûнκ
ص飬Ҳûκ֤ݡǩϿɵġ20023ͣҵĹʡ
ԿԿʡϵԱǵĽΪ˾ǰǡѧУ
19983ÿ·210ԪֻҪǿʳԷ˶֪ÿ210Ԫ
ǹʣοԺƾһ֮ʣӦøݾ֤ݲſ϶
һоñƽʱ׼ǵ͵з
ֲµ֤ݣҽʼĵ֤ô飿
ġʵйũҵѧͣʵʱ𣿡
ٵƵְĹʴǶ٣õĴ𸴶ǡ
ҷݶ֧ҷĹ۵㡣ʾ˺Ҳûнһ֤ڶ
ǡôͻȻˡһʵʵ
ķٵΪׯϵоҲһѻƪڵ볫
ٰ˳ܡ˰⻹ǹ쵼һԺ 

ġоķɳΣұ˵Ķ˺
1ûоھֱҵλٲίԱ
˲֣200415šþָٵĹ϶Ҳûи
κɡйũҵѧԷԺû÷϶ΪɣָܾҵĹ
һԺߣΪ°߲ߣҵ
Ժߺ󣬺ԺظΪɲö
2ֻҪǿʳԷ˶֪19983£20013ÿ210Ԫǹʣ
ɱݵؽ϶Ϊʣʹ3Ĺʧ
3оΪ2005810άһоһо
ֹֻһоʱ20041226գһҵ˺
ָǰǳģ˱оҴ20041226һ2005
810֮ù⳥Ȩ
4зܹϵȨġ⣬ա
һعԱҵλԱɴֹ⴦֪ͨ
˷1999135ţļĲþΪƽʲ
𺦵˵棬޶һоʱֹũָܲҵĹֻ
ͨٲáߵֻҵĹʣֽһظ߶
ء 
άھֱҵλٲίԱ
˲֣200415šþ⣬աڹһعԱ
ҵλԱɴֹ⴦֪ͨ˷1999
135ţļзά˷ɵϣֱ
⡣ũһָֻܲҪԺǿƲʾ
ˣά˵˵ĺϷȨ档

лУΥʵͷУ
ֶζӣַҵĺϷȨ棬ҵѣ˶ӵ
Ӱ죬ڵʵĻϣ׷Ρ



Ժ

ظˣ٣ǩ

2006116

(XYS20080214)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com)

ִҽѧй˵ʵ ҽͬũ

̷

ܾûпˣԽԽܼǲǴʲôʱ
ʼӵģԼӦ3˰ɡ˵ȫҲ׼ȷżῴ
˵˽2СʱǳʱҪ̺ܶࣻ3.15Ҳῴ
Щڰҵʲôһ꿴
ӵʱȫ10Сʱˣߵӷѽʵ
еԩ

Ӵҿ˽2Сʱ˽ļ¼ԭǽӴ
˵˾ʵȻǲ˵ģǱݳģڸũ񹤵Ľ
ĿУ˰ǵһҽһʿʼΪʳģ
Ϊʦһ롣˸ʿұжˣ
ڱһڡ֪ʶǹ˽׼һܼ֡ʮ
ںʵسϣеȫ彡εҽԱѾũ
һ֣ĿǰײͶײܵؽһˡǰ
ëү֪ʶ·ŵũȥҽԱũͬͬסͬͶ
ȴͬһлᣬͶسˣũ廹ȱҽҩү֪ʶ
Ϊ˽׼һдܷ֪ܶʶȴ˽ײһ֡

ҽԱôΪũ񹤵һֵģڴѾ߱ãƿ
̷ϵк˵ִҽѧйˣӦöһӡǴۣ
˵ҽ¹ζ࣬ڹĶһˡҽϵ
׼Ȼ޸ġҽ¹ʴҽƹ˾
ѪЩһŪ˸֤εáҲûаִҽѧй
ֻ㹶Ӳд˷ϵġҽʹҽƭ
Ϣͷ¸ĻѣѰֽܵİǰƭİϷ졣
2003꣬Ӵ½£˸˹Ǳñȴ绹죬Ѱ
ñ컹ߣ5ǰƻҽƷ㱻Ƴ˺üꡣ

2006꣬ҵķҵ¸˶ڴ½ҽƻ
Ȼٷµĵͬʱʵֻҽķ
ǵȤϾϵܺ⡣ǴСҽԺĹǿƹ
ǻ㼯ڼԺ꣬ڸйǿҽͻȻŵ
³ľ룬˵ĳгĶͻֻ쵼浽Ժ˳
ϲеļԺ참ùǿҽΣ
ʱ4ҽԺĹǿƲֻ3ˡ˵ϺӢ
ΰ´׽1000ҽ200Ρйط
δü׽ˣһ硱ԼȽȥ˲˵˼ҵһ
ܡǺǣûϵİǵЦ˺þáȻֻǵ
ҽһʽˡҽ֡ҽҵϵľףĸе
ȺڶȺڡҽɣҲֻй˲ŷóˡ֪
֪ĹûСеĻ֪ѧϰѧϰ

Ϊҵˣ¶ҵκʽĸܶʹȻлḯ
ܣԼҲḯܡֻԴһֱϣûϰ塣Ȼˣ
ץˣץʲôˣһ뼺޹ءи̷ǲף
˵ʷ̰ٵĴãģζҪǡǡ̰
ʵϵΪֹҲûнԵŴԣƶȵ
ƺҲڼ̳С

ѰǰоóĽۣҽԱнйͶ˹أ
нˮ£Чʸ͡ڱĲϿ˹ĸǲģ
˹˵˾ȴԶϲййϺ˾80
һЩҲ࣬ԴӳɱЧĽǶȿйҽʿӦȫ
ҽƸĸѧϰİ

ֻҪжҽҽӦûġǹڵĺö
ְҵаУŬ˺þãҲûмҽ֡ʼΪۻ
ɴŴ󣬻ûпйְҵҽ͵
ҩġеΪҽҵУôΪҽҵеİ
ڡǿӣīǳ͡ҩȡȵ
˵ҽԼͬУʿҲϣġҩ
ƷǿӸҽҵһӣ˵ˡԼҲҽ
Ա˵ԼҽҵеȻǵкܶǴҵ
߳ȥģȻѾȥˣҲ

ʿĹޱȣҽĹأǰ֪ҽǵ
ͣ͵ʲô̶ȣȴǰλѿҳĽò
ˣӶҽơ⺢ӽ29꣬ҽƴѧƱҵֵ
ɽѧҽѧԺ˸˶ʿǱҵһꡣȥܸһλ
ĳҽԺѴְˬشӦˡǰҰ꣬˳
һ״˺ܴ󷽣ϰѽԪ·ݵĹʵݸң
дţλ770Ԫְ310Ԫҽ20Ԫ40Ԫ鱨30
Ԫ40Ԫ445967Ӧ1380۹105Ԫ
Ͻ120ҽ30ʧҵս15ۣ6Ѫѣ2
30˰18.15ҽͶ¹0ʵ1053.85Ԫ
ǹãʵһݽ𣬿ϧѵûϣû
˵ǰҽԺÿͳһ500Ԫɿҷ1000Ԫⲻ
ȻûеӿɹҼ𣬵ҿԴĸ˰У
µ롣ܶ˶˵лɫɣҲϣУ
ôҲԲѡ˵ûУҲСΪʵͣ
õӵʱٻ4꣬û˸ǮûдȨ
ҩʹ˴ȨڵĿңҲ˶١Һ绰
ΰ̸꣬ôֻ1000ԪĽ֪λ˵1000Ԫ
ӳîҽԺǮģʵûôࡣȴڹˣ


̫浱껮׼ɷֵʱ򣬲Ǹ˼Ǹݼġ
йλ͵Ľײ㣬Ȼũũ񹤡˵֪
᲻ٳؤ͵ͱҡйô󣬾ٳҲ
Ǻ飬ʵڲֵôС֪֡ʶ˱ᵽũ񹤵ĵز
йûеڶҡѰֵо˹ҽҲǺܵ͵ģ
˹ûҹũְҵĸ￪Ѿʮ꣬ҽҵ
ĵλ䵽ز˺İ

Щٳҵи㸯ܡǮȨ׵ˣܻıȽ֮
ԱǣҲ֡ũҲ˲١㡱ҵһǧ
ڵνũ񹤾Ͳ٣ҽгԻؿۡú˼ҵҲ٣Ͼ
һңξһҽԺܿ󴦷νǹ֡һһ
Ҳô12ˡҽûȵʿ
˵ҽְҵҪ쵽θεĵزҲһͿԻ
õġҲôѧҵ11ϣܸҽʦ֮ǰ
ʵáõĺҲãԵĻؿҲգһν͵ȫ
ȥʵǲ㡣粻Խ˸רͷλĵģ
ֻðˡ˽ڣǮĶȥˣ쿴ӵģ
ŶҲࡣ

˵˵˲ʱ䡣Ϊвٷ˿ҿ
⡣֮ȡôǵĹʶ̷
ײ㣬һ͵ˡҡν֪η˵˴˵
û˵Ļ˴ҵĹѡԣҽϣҽҵ
ѣʵãӴһҽʿɴ״
ӵ񹤣һбԹҲãҲãǰ񹤣ٶıԹ
ҾöûбҪһũҪжߵˮƽ;أ

(XYS20080214)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com)

ʿݵзȶ

ߣhooklee

״µᵽswissworld.orgվĲͬ԰汾ʿݵ
вͬ˵İİȻ˵26ݣӢİ˵23ݡô
˵ȷأ˵ԣͼٴνиϸ
µı⣬״µֽһЩµʿҲһ
ЩµĴͲ֮Ҳһг˵ۡ

ݵͰݵĶλ⣬ʵϴεѾ˵ñȽ
ˣӢάٿƴĽܣܷѧ֮Ϊ""Ѿǹʱˣ
ҪΪʿܷȷغг26Ϊʿɲ֡
ʿܷ
http://www.admin.ch/org/polit/00083/index.html?lang=enӢİһ
ֵһȫ¼£

Title 1: General Provisions
Art. 1 Swiss Confederation

The Swiss People and the Cantons of Zurich, Berne, Lucerne, Uri, 
Schwyz, Obwald and Nidwald, Glarus, Zug, Fribourg, Solothurn, Basel 
City and Basel Land, Schaffhausen, Appenzell Outer Rhodes and 
Appenzell Inner Rhodes, St. Gall, Grisons, Aargau, Thurgau, Ticino, 
Vaud, Valais, Neuchatel, Geneva, and Jura, form the Swiss Confederation.

ʿܷİ棨http://www.admin.ch/org/polit/00083/index.html
һֵһȫ£

1. Titel: Allgemeine Bestimmungen
Art. 1 Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft

Das Schweizervolk und die Kantone Zrich, Bern, Luzern, Uri, 
Schwyz, Obwalden und Nidwalden, Glarus, Zug, Freiburg, Solothurn, 
Basel-Stadt und Basel-Landschaft, Schaffhausen, Appenzell Ausserrhoden 
und Appenzell Innerrhoden, St. Gallen, Graubnden, Aargau, Thurgau, 
Tessin, Waadt, Wallis, Neuenburg, Genf und Jura bilden die 
Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft.

⣬ʿܷĵһֵݵĶ壨ʿܷΪ
Ӣİ棩

Title 1: General Provisions
Art. 3 Cantons

The Cantons are sovereign insofar as their sovereignty is not 
limited by the Federal Constitution; they shall exercise all rights 
which are not transferred to the Confederation.

ûκݵʵϣʿܷļ
"canton"ѵصĴʣcantoncantonscantonal
intercantonalȣûκһᵽhalf-canton(s)demicanton(s)
ʡܷļ漰ǰݵĲֻ

Title 4: People and Cantons
Chapter 2: Initiative and Referendum
Art. 142 Required Majorities

The Cantons of Obwald, Nidwald, Basel City, Basel Land, Appenzell 
Outer Rhodes and Appenzell Inner Rhodes have each one half of a 
cantonal vote.

Title 5: Federal Authorities
Chapter 1: General Provisions
Art. 150 Composition and Election of the Senate

The Cantons of Obwald, Nidwald, Basel City, Basel Land, Appenzell 
Outer Rhodes and Appenzell Inner Rhodes shall elect one Senator each; 
the other Cantons shall elect two Senators.

ĺȷس6"ǰ"Ϊ""cantonsЩܷĳ
˵1999ʿܷ޶ԺʿѾκ
ˣǾǣʿ26ɣ6ֻаͶƱȨ

ֵһǣȻswissworld.orgվӢİᵽʿ23ݣǸ
վĵ桢桢桢İİ5汾ȷʿ
26ݡֻӢİᵽ23˵ƺδȷ
˵"23ȫݺ6"swissworld.orgվĸ԰汾
ʿ԰汾ۺжϣҲ֪26ȷ˵
Ӣİ˵Ϯ˵δ޶

󣬵άٿƵHalbkantonӢ"half-canton"Ҳȷ
˰Ŀǰ״̬ıʾ⣬áaeʾͷ
ĸa

Halbkantone ist die heute nicht mehr offizielle, aber bliche 
Bezeichnung fr die sechs Schweizer Kantone, welche nur mit einem 
Sitz im Staenderat vertreten sind (waehrend es bei den anderen 
Kantonen zwei sind) und bei der Berechnung des Staendemehrs nur ber 
die halbe Stimmkraft verfgen.

λĴ·£ڰѾһʽˣϰ
ȻڳƺʿݣЩԺֻһϯβڼ㡮
ݡʱɼĿǰͨʶҲǣѾǹȥʽˣֻΪ
ʽĹ÷ʹá

ȻҪرָǣڰ״ʿ1999ǰʱ23ݵ˵
ǺϷĶҲӦĿǰûȫͳһҪԭ

⣬״һЩʿƶȲͬԴΪ֤ϣ
˵23ݻ26ݵ˵ǿԵġǣӦʶʿ
ܷϵģǸݼϵģƶȵĸԺ͸Ǻ
ݵԼĶλûֱӹϵ

һ°״µеĲִͲĵطͱǰ
һǰ״ԭģǱ˵ۡ

====бʼ====

EYH=Eidgenoessische Technik Hochschule

ȷƴǡETH=Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule
ѧУǴҶ֪УѧԺ(ETH Zurich)

ʿҵSchweizerische Eidgenoessenschaft,
֮ΪʿEidgenoesseԭָġ

ȣʿֵĵǡSchweizerische Eidgenossenschaft
ʾڶʵĵ7ĸûeΣEidgenosseʵԭ
ǡġԴʹȷӢάٿƵEidgenosse
ҵEidgenosse is a compound word in German meaning a 
Swiss person. ... The word Eid means oath, and Genosse means comrade. 
Eidgenosse literally means something like "comrade in oath". Its true 
meaning, a Swiss, comes from the 1291 foundation of the Swiss 
Confederation, where Cantonal representatives took an oath to come to 
each other's aid in case of attack.κһǵ䣬ҲԺ
׿EidGenosseľ庬ֱǡԡͬ͡־

ϰ˵Ϊն壬ʿ˴Լ
һ֡

նʵһöĸ˵ĵ־ֻеһ
֧⣬նΪһѧʻһżȻƺʷû
ԳԼնˣôʿ˵ȻҲԳնˣμ
άٿơնˡĽܣնһЩԡĻϰ
ܳơЩǰ2ǧ굽Լ4ŷޱвն
˲ԼΪնˡǵʷǿҲûнԼͬһ
塣Ǩնݻ˹ά塢Ӣˡ
˹˺͵¹ˣЩݻˡʿĵ־ˡô
ĴǺϷǵˡڰµҲն˺ᡣЩµ
춼϶ɵġʹáնˡʵϣ
ʷѧҲϣᡣԼǰ80ʱһʹʡҲŷĳ
һ޷֤СӴʱʲƺеն
塣пһСֺΪȺ֡ն
ʵԴ޷ۡնն޷
֤նԼԼΪն˵ĿԷǳСǰ51
¬սǡʹնơｫԶͳ
Ϊնˡ

GraubndenݣݵǴģݵԭʼ
ΧûκԵԣѴѧĽǶ֤

Romanshﲻǰ״˵ĹԣRhaeto-Romanceµһ
֣Rhaeto-RomanceRomance壨壬˽
ȴ֣һ֧Romansh
һЩԵϵѧƲǿܶԴ۹ʱڵ
Vulgar LatinͨοӢάٿƵRomansh⣬
һ
http://europeforvisitors.com/switzaustria/articles/romansh_language.
htmܣRomanshкܶĵطںܶοͿܰ·
ԼֽеRomanshʵƴʡ

ʱ򣬺ûоͳƣʱıֽ˵ֻ1
2000ͳ3ˣ

ʿȻǽſʼ˿ղ顣ӢάٿƵLinguistic 
geography of SwitzerlandԿRomansh1950˿
19501%19600.9%1970/19800.8%19900.6%20000.5%
ʿ˿ʷݣhttp://www.populstat.info/Europe/switzerc.htm
19504715,00019605360,20019706269,80019806366,0001990
6873,70020007284,900򵥼֪˵Romanshǣ19504.7
19604.819705ң19805.119904.120003.6
ɼ˵RomanshȺ1990ǰڻ಻٣԰״϶
Ǵˣߵʱıֽᵽ1ֲȫݵģĳ
ġ

ݵľھˡⲢ
Ҳ

GraubndenݵĵʷϾǽġݵWalser˵ʷ
һֱ׷ݵ1000ǰԼ1200꿪ʼValaisǨGraubnden
ݡWalser˵ǸߵصһַԡοӢάٿWalser
Walser GermanԼGraubndenĽܡҳҲһЩ
ؽܣhttp://www.discussanything.com/forums/showthread.php?t=24999

ʿĴϣͨʾϣһֻеû
Ӣû


http://europeforvisitors.com/switzaustria/articles/romansh_language.ht
mNone of this matters to the tourist, who's likely to think a 
Romansh street sign or newspaper headline is written in mispelled 
Italian.Graubndenݵ·Ӧעġ
ݡǸݱصҪ·ƣһƪѧ
The German-Romance Language Borders in Switzerland
JOURNALOFMULTILINGUALANDMULTICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT Vol. 23, No. 1&2, 
pages 112-136, 2002, ȫӣ
http://www.multilingual-matters.net/jmmd/023/0112/jmmd0230112.pdf
߽1998Fribourgʱ·Ȼֻзע
ﶼûС

ȻռʿĹٷУ⽻ϣ
ҪԷΪ

֪״˵ûоĳҾãȻ⽻ϣ
Ȼ˵ҶöĻʿ͵¹µȵҽ⽻̸
Уѵʿ⽻پȻ˵ŵ¼ʿ⽻վ
http://www.eda.admin.chᷢȱʡǵǷ

˵ǩ֤ʱͳԹбֻзһ
ֶʶ֪״һûС

еһΪԵĹңȻֻ
ǩ֤ǰѲ֤ˣĿǰʿǩ֤к
ܶԵİ汾ɹʹã
http://www.bfm.admin.ch/bfm/en/home/themen/einreise/visumantragsformul
ar.html˵͵ĵ·Ӣ汾⣬ҲṩӢ汾

ʿλGemeide൱ǵġءҳϷ
С˿ڻ𶼷ǳеGemeide˿
ȱݻеĺСǵĴࡣͨȫ񹫾GemeindeҲ
ƶԼġߡûԼᣬ

ϴġСǿеطᣨӢelected town council
gewaehlten Parlamentģswissworld.orgĽ
http://www.swissworld.org/zh/politics/general_information/communes/ 
ڽϴֱӲʽͲ̫ˣҪѡ
ٳĵط񡣡

һʲôߣͨʲôɣòͷͿ
һ飨Volksinitiative,ֻҪ1810˵ǩ
ݶݹ涨һͲòһεȫ񹫾Уȫ幫
ȫ񹫾Volksabstimmung

״νġ񸴾ƶȣϧʱƺ
ƶȵʵ
http://www.swissworld.org/zh/politics/people_s_rights/people_s_right
s/
ʿġ񸴾ָȫͶƱͨѾͨ᰸κη
·ɵĸ˻֯ڹٷ100ռ5ǩ÷潫
лȫͶƱ£񸴾ֻǿҷԲռǩʱ
ܽСµǶܷĲ䣬ǩκβɷϳĹԼ
ͨȫͶƱͨ(ǿƸ)ڴƼǿƸ£
ͨ'˫ض'Ч'˫ض'ָ޳Ҷ޳ɡ
Ҳ鿴˸վӢİ͵棬һµġʿȷʵһֱ
--ơߵҪ10ǩҪ޶
ܷߴ·ƶȵĽܲμ
http://www.swissworld.org/zh/politics/people_s_rights/people_s_rights/

http://www.swissinfo.org/chi/swissinfo.html?siteSect=1551&sid=8299218&
cKey=1191962233000&ty=st

˵ʿһҪںЭ

Ѱ20080201ġһУѾȷᵽִ
Ҫԭ֮һǡƳáʵ塢ЭЭľ
Values of tolerance, pragmatism, cooperation, and compromiseʵ
ϣЭΪִҪ֮һҲʿר
ĿǰռʿҪɫֱȫ񹫾ΪҪ
еķԶԶҡʿԼ
http://www.swissinfo.org/chi/swissinfo.html?siteSect=1551&sid=829921
8&cKey=1191962233000&ty=stʿԭʵľȨڹ
Сʿϵáֱݡ˹֮⣬Ҳ
ڽܷʱֱķʿõ
쾡¡

ʿڵһܷǰûһ˵һûлʵۡ
ûйûͳĹң쵼ġ

ʿĹٷ˵һĴ֪1848֮ǰʿ
һĹңֻһңݣɢ塣Ȼǹң
Ȼлʵۡͳֻ

ʿͳ

෴ͲʿͳǰľѾᵽ
1848ܷ֮ǰʿһĹңûȨʱ
ҲԼȨʵԼľģʽƣϸ
ܿԲο
http://www.swissworld.org/zh/history/middle_ages/subjects_and_allies/ 
Ҳ˵ڵʿʵϺ͹ŴͨȨҡǰ
ɢûбʵֿʵϺǽ
ƶȷţ༰

ΪƵЧʣᣬǡһơᣬ
ԺơĳЩȻǡһơս֮ʿԺ
ƣ

ǰľѾȷᵽʿԺ1848ܷģ
ܵǷӰ죬www.swissworld.orgİзǳȷ
Ϊ˽һʵҲ鿴ҳӢİĵ棬ᵽ1848ܷ
ȷԺơ

7УռǷ2
1ûв֤ŮԵռһ90ŮȨ˶ȥģһ
ԭ򡣡

ƺĿǰûֹ涨μswissinfoվĽ
http://www.swissinfo.org/chi/swissinfo.html?siteSect=1551&sid=829915
8&cKey=1197639944000&ty=stֱ1999ÿֻһίԱ
һ򱻹ȫͶƱȡֻܷ涨͸
ӦίԱʵĴֱ2008ֻѡ6Ů
ίԱᵽܷļʿܷ5Federal 
Authorities3Federal Government and Federal Administrationһ
Organisation and Procedure175Composition and Election

7λҪΰϯе˲ԸⵣΡϯ
͵ǰһλٸɰߺһλǰӰࡣеϯԸһꡣ

ʿϯҲΪͳһ꣬ǰꡣ
http://www.swissinfo.org/chi/swissinfo.html?siteSect=1551&sid=8299158&
cKey=1197639944000&ty=st෴ʿûҲû
һλڵͳ(ʿͳһ)1848ʿʿ
7ɣǱΪίԱÿͳʿ
ϯбhttp://www.admin.ch/ch/e/cf//index4.htmlְȫһ
ģֻJonas FurrerڽͳԼ198919401908
ݵĸְм

⣬һ飬ΪûͶƱȨԱʿϷΪ
쵼ˡ

״˵λƺӦӢFederal Chancellery
Bundeskanzlerμswissworld.org£Э
Ĺ뽨顣ϯÿܵڸ飬ѯ
ǹٷسΪڰλίԱ

ʿʿ񣬶ԼĹءʵ
ʿ˵ʶ̬һ㶼ܶ˶ԼСɡ
ܶʿԼҲΪӪһ֡ʵ
ʵˣʿûκһ鰸ߡ

״ߵˣǿǹڹеľ
ɫҪ˼뱣ַ֡˹
Ȩˡswissworld.orgվĽ
http://www.swissworld.org/zh/politics/foreign_policy/neutrality_and_
isolationism/սʱڣζŲ֮ս
Ȩɹʹͬ1907ȷںƽʱڣƶԼ
涨ǵȻӦμκξˣ籱Լ֯(NATO)
λʹʿԶսұ˸ֲ֧ͬսѵΣ
ասʿò¶塮һʵĸ1996꣬Ϊ˺ƽ
ʿ˱Լ֯ʿǿ붯Ϊάƽ밲ȫ
ܵвұ˳Ȩ

ҵʱʿʱʿķ涨˲ʿغ
ݣߵʱ˵׼ϳɡҲ֪
ڷϳûС

Ŀǰʿ򷿵ģƽ϶ࡣswissworld.org
ؽ
http://www.swissworld.org/zh/info/faq/living_in_switzerland/
ʿ򷿵Ĺ涨ǳϸ񡣷ʿβȼݡ
סʿŷ˳ԱԲƵ򷿣ֻܹһԼʹ
סƬܵơ˾ַʿ
Ĺٷ١ʿݵĹϸڶͬϸӢİصַ
http://www.bj.admin.ch/etc/medialib/data/wirtschaft/grundstueckerwerb.
Par.0008.File.tmp/lex-e.pdfϸķҪ1983
ɣӦһֱõߡ

й˶֪ʿибܷ˹źڹ
ǿĵºѹƺѾˡ

бܷʿһֱڣûбϣĿǰʿȻ
ȡбܷοswissinfoվĽ
http://www.swissinfo.org/chi/swissinfo.html?siteSect=881&sid=1394537
ʿȫ񹫾ǷȡбܷʿĹ
ĸŷ˹ԱǵģʿбܷƻŷΪʹ
๫ʵ˰˶Ŭ

ȻʿԱ̸ʿĴѧᵽһĳ
ʿôѧڵְλƣҼֱʵһ65꣬
ֻҪٵȣһ㲻׵ر̨ʹ
ںκод£Ҳ̨

ⲻѧձʩеƶĿҪΪ˱֤ѧ
ɣûֱӹϵ

(XYS20080214)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com)

ǸʽǵĻľҲ̷ʿ¡

̷

лôڿҵӣȻٳ˿ʮָм

ľҲ̷ʿ¡ʵҪ̸˵е
ĸa,o,uϼ⣬Umlautľ
ҲҲôġ

ԼĵˣWordĵӡû⣬˿
֮ͱʡˣԺʹӵеϰߣֺӸe
ʾľĵһ仰еӣҹҲǱʽʡ㡣

ľԣVolksinitiativeʿʿУ
Ǵʿѧϰȥġ׾ĵ֮һڹά
鷳ҵĶϲǴģľwikiлõ
һҡڸеļƴдڡزһ
鱾αҪͳࣿѾ˵ˣ˲׸ɴȱٴαʾ
Ǹ⡣

(XYS20080214)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com)

޽⡢̵֮ׯĵã15

Ѱ

ǷǷǲô׽綨䷨ǰɹ
Ϊļǲĵģͳ߿ⶨ̣ū
̷ҲΪϿׯӵʱеηʱģһ
̣ûĸͳԸִһԷ˽гڹѺ߲
ǿۣǻ壬ĹŴ¼ѹʵ
̣з˫ȡȽһֲпᣬĹŴ̷

һķϵУɺ͵¼ͬʣʲôв
УȻ򡪡˵᳣ʶͳߵʱ־֮
䡣Ϻ¾Ͳڷɣ̵Ҫôͳ߳Էɵ塢
µʩԻҪôǿԵ塢ʩ
ׯƲõʱһбҪ޷
⡶³еǰ¡

¶̲зϵΪģͽαȥ˫ȣ
ɽֺȥ˽ƣڵڶӲӵ̬Ⱦһֺܳ
ʿ̬ȣ֮ˣȻأôǿ϶е
شʧ㣬ˣǲмڽģӲضͽ˵
ҲΪ飬ҪôߣҪôߣӲͽε
岻ȫǾͽεԿزͬһ

һׯÿλ޻̸֮ΪԺĹ
·ģĿǳȱٽŵ˲¡һ뻳
пˣ̣顱Ȼ֮ߣз³Ҫ˵񴵣
û˱ȵùׯܡץƤ಻ŵׯܸǿɳܣΪáӡ
Ϊ汳飬ӣʥҲҲֱδΪʦ
ߺɼ³¶֮ɣƤ£ׯѧ
Թ洫ĵ֮ΪׯӶܣԶɽ֮ׯӵһ֪ѣ޲壬
˾ӣׯƤ˿Ŀ
пɳܣȴҲɷˡ

װӡųһѹġϧƨ֮
ӣ֮䣬ظ׹ཫ֮š޼ٶ
Ǩ֮Ҳλ˵ʲôѽװӡ֪Լ
˵ʲôǡӷң֪XXġʦܽĻôװӡ
űѰĻ۾ΪĳһΪׯƲмĿ
˵뿴߼ϴ⣬ϸѳɶѡ

װӡëڡװӡĻеǷ켫һ
죬һڵأһžһҪյǼ٣˵
пһĺȴԭһ㶼ں֮⣬˵ϴ
ˮ˼ʥһĺֻװ˵ЧӦѣз
ʲôѽһɥɥҲҺο
ΪºôȻɵΪ¡ʲôǵ£ʲôǵҪʡװ
ӡҲ֪еǾˣһǣţһֱ
϶ңǣһͷˮţ˳Ż򡪡װµġ

˵һµ̵棬װӡֱ״ƣȱȣ
еˡڶͽӲϳͽPKӲӲ¶䱩̬
ʼģǰ˵ˣͽʧ¾̣ӲԸ뱰С
һͽαԶɽΪ֪ԴԲ˿ֵģӲì
֮£ԷҮ

ͽλܣ״Բڣ״Բ߹ѡ֪
κζ֮Ψе֮֮УȻߣҲ
ȫЦ᲻ȫ߶ӣҲȻŭ֮Ȼ֪֮
ϴҮ֮Үʮӣδ֪Ҳ
κ֮ڣκ֮⣬

ڴʧ̬ȣһ֪ģС˵̬ȣ
֪ܻڣд½̬ȣָϴڴ棬
ûʱЧƣ˵ڹĻڹԸַʽֲֲĹ
ʧҪϴԾʾˣ̬Ȳǵ
϶Դʧ֡ڵҪǴ̬Ȱ
ϴǧټŪϷùˣǼααӣ
ͷϴϴ˺ܶʱϴֱ״һָϺ
˵Ѿϴˣ㻹ҪҪƤǻ
Ϊ壬Ϊ죬ó񹦣ָӾӴ˰̣ȴ
սȴյ롢ݵĲսȫʧȴµ
ˡͽξǵ֣70%ӵˣ30%

ǽɽֺݼӣֱָĴʧֺ˵
˵̬Ȼش𣬡Ψ֪㡣Ҳ
ߴɣȫ֮Ҳ޲޲أԷΪأ֪
֮Үװ۷ġװӡܸЦ˵ֺ֮أ
ҲѧԸǰ֮񣬶ȫ֮˺ûŵ˶Ҫѧֲ
ǰĶУֺοȫµأ仰ҪԾжԾ߼ͨ
˵ˣǶǶûŸȫĶĶѧϰֲУ
ӻ޵زŵϦҲֻǸ˵Ľѣ
ΣԶأ

ôһμ̵ĶԻɽֺΪӲԭǰĴʧȻ
۵ӣ˵֮ˣδҮ˺αѧΪ
Ցù֮ţ֪֮ΪҮׯʽзˣ
޵±һִڵ¶Ϊ˵Ȼ֪޳֮ͽĶ
ΪȤԻֱʹΪһԿɲΪһߣ
ɺɽֺƤȻ˵֮ɽ⣿ִڵ
ĳͷɽ⣡ɽֺʧ¾֮˻
ĻڹȻ̵˵³ʵ³ɡ

桢ͽΡɽֺۣׯʽдĻص㣬ͨ
֮зͨµķ緶ٱͽοӲͻ³䡱״̬
ɽֺĸӿ޵£˵ʵҪ塣ѭ򽥽ѧַ
νһɽһɽߵ֣ǻǰĸ߳²µ
֮˿ڹܣٽһ³жΪ
֮ϣׯƳβ³Ҫ塣˼򵥵ѧַѧ
ԶɽȻ桢ͽΡԼİږ֧޴Ͱ
Զɽİ嶨Ϊ֪ɽֺȻС֪ԭôԶɽ˵
ɽֺ壬ûʸ֪ԶɽѽԶɽǰ˵һ֧
ׯڿһ֧Ҳʵϡ

ë626ָʾơԽԽûе
ȷġ

Ҫׯµ˵ִ᲻ٿȽˣ
ʵźδҡǰԼׯӣẒ̇
ˣԼʧ˼άǲѰȰûģԳ޽⡣
ôֻҪƣϴڹҪȡ½ȷףȴ
ܣ̵ǿеġ

ǧҪ޵ǾƨҴͳʹʿʿׯ
ѧԹЩ֮ͽֻ͵͵Ȼˣׯѧ
͵Ǳȡ³䡱ҪȵģѰˡ

(XYS20080214)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com)

ʿһԿ

Jane Spencer
ձ

ʮһʱ΢(Microsoft Corp.)йܲ
ϣıй13˵òͷʽ

һòߴǰĳ̧ͷǰɱΣɵĻ
߲꣨ݽһԿй
;ɵ̬Σ

ڴӢ߸ߵͷף26ĲԵúܳơ˵һ
ڻйɭ֣Ǳ뷴ֺ˷ѡ

йض˶һԿӵ֮

ȥʮУһԿѾ˽æµĶﲻɻȱĶ
·̯ߵƬְӢ˶Ҫõ
йһԿӳÿԼ630˫ӡ

йΪԽԽĻ߶ԣЩССĿӲ
ҹѵĿɳɭԴһƴй
һԿӲҵһԿӴйĲʧĻҵ
ĴҵԱ10ˡ

11¿ʼԼ300ұĲ͹ݾͱʾҪԿظʹõĿӴһ
Կӡ΢?#12289;Ӣض(Intel Corp.)ҵ˾(IBM)ȴ˾
˿ظʹõĿӣɫƽ֯(Greenpeace)ǵĲ
ٿһԿӵļᡣҲйһЩǵһҵ

ġŮھȥһڵ¶ʱʾԼ
ýܵƣͬʱһԿӡŮνйġż 
(American Idol)ļСƣԼԱɭ
Ϊּĵ䡰GreenʱһԿӴ

ε»ɫƽ֯߻ģߵļսй
ԣйд̡йȻûʽ
ΪһЩٷڲɫֹ֧һԿӵĸĸ

ȥ12£й񲿷µĹ淶͹ݼʹһԿӡڽ
ġɫˡУίҲֹڰ˻ԼһЩ
ʹһԿӡ2006꣬˶Ͷ;(SUV)һԿӵ
ɲڻĲƷ5%˰

Ӧǿ

ЩٴйӲҵǿҷӦЩֻ
ΪһԿӴ졣

ľҵЭ(Wooden Chopsticks Trade Association in 
Heilongjiang Province)ʼ˼᳤˵ӲҵΪƶ˿ڴ
˹ᣬӶ˾޴ĹסԼһҴ͵Ĺһ
Կӡѩǩ˵ںһձ
רſӡʾһԿӵԭͨ
ӵȷǱΣľġ˵ܵйҵֵϸ
ͨõǲʺҵʹõʣϡ

һԿӵĻйýҵۡһԿ֮
ıȥ11ڡ¾(Beijing News)ϣϷĩ
(Southern Weekend)һƪرһľϷɫʵĹ£
һԿӷͥԱĿҵһλԱŮϴѧ˽һ
ԿӶԻΣ㿪ʼ븸ԡ

ƪ˵Ůʵ֣أΪʲôҪһԿӣ
ڿҵô꣬һˡ

ʵϣձ˷һԿӡֱ2080ձΪ
˽ʡɱҵתƵйһԿӵʹòйռ
֮Źڵ󲻶йΪȫһԿ

ĻԾʿֳһԿӲƻȻֵ˵
ֻǡڡФ⻹ҡֶӡߡ

ЯԼĿ(B.Y.O.C.)

żU2ֶBonoڻжЭɫƽˡ
ЯԼĿӡһԴǰ͹ݣشĸӦ
ЯԼĿӡǰãŽţп㡢̻
չʾΣһ˫ɫ޼пزڴеľľꡣ

ɫƽı칫УߺȲ裬ߵ˵İͲ
¼ǺľƳɵġ

ȻҪ˵ʮй˷ʹһԿӿһ޵
ʳƷȫ洦ɼĹңܶйΪһԿӱȲ͹ṩͨ
ӸΪͨӿûбȫϴɾ

ʽ״Ԫһҷֵľ١˵˿ǳ
Ҫ͹ṩһԿӵġ״Ԫ30־õ࣬
ӢĲ˵ʾһá

ǺܶͲ߶ЯӵĽ鲢ʡ͹ݾӪ
ߵ(David Tang)˵ù֮ôϴأѵǵĿˮȱ̸
ʵЩɫƽѾ̨ܳҵʦDaniel Kooһ
ıЯʽӡµĵԵļۣDaniel KooѾ
һֿѭֲʵ۵ӣԷ·Ŀڴ

һʽ

ЯԼĿΪйỷԾʿһʽ28
ꡢְӢضMargaret YangеһλĳС(Little 
Sheep)òʱMargaret YangֻʵʩԱһһ
Կ߹ʱYangѸóԱĿӰ˻ȥ

ƬĢԼײ˵ĻͺMargaret Yangչʾ
ӵķԱҪһˮѿӷϴɾȻ
ŻصһЯл޲С

(XYS20080214)

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.3322.org)(xys.xlogit.com)

һΪ˰޷˿վĹ˽˿վĶ̬ؿ
˿ʼбxys@yahoogroups.com

ʼбÿ췢һ˿վ¸µϣÿµ׷һÿ
Ŀ¼ʼбĶμ롰˿֮ѡ
ʼбxys_friends@yahoogroups.com

ù䶩ġù䣬ܿ޷յ
Ƽ䣺yahoo.com, hotmail.com, gmail.com

ġ˿ʼбĵ䷢һհż

xys-subscribe@yahoogroups.com 

塢ͣ˿ʼбͣ䷢һհż

xys-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com 

Ͷxinyusi@yahoo.comôıļͶ塣

˿(www.xys.org)(xys.dxiong.com)(xys.freedns.us)(xys-reader.org)
